Characteristics of surface ice movement in a channel bend with intake and the layout of ice deflection booms

The two-dimensional river ice dynamic model DynaRICE is used to study the optimal design of ice deflection booms in a channel bend with an intake diversion channel. The coupled hydrodynamic and ice dynamic equations are solved by the finite element method and smooth particle hydrodynamics method, respectively. The flow characteristics and the ice movement and accumulation patterns in the channel, as well as the force on ice deflection booms are examined. The result shows that the surface ice moves along the outer bank of the bend and accumulates at downstream of the intake. The effect of the transverse circulation on surface ice movement can be neglected. Ice deflection booms with an appropriate angle and length upstream of the intake can prevent ice from entering the diversion channel. However, ice can still accumulate at downstream of the intake and extend into the intake. A downstream ice boom is needed to prevent this from happening. This study provides a method for the design of ice booms to prevent the ice accumulation problem in river bend intakes.