GIS/RS based distributed hydrological modeling,2, model test and application

GIS/RS is an important technology support for distributed hydrological modeling in a watershed. This paper carries out a case study on the Jinghe River which is the second grade tributary of the Yellow River. With the support of GIS,the watershed characters including slope,river networks and river length are extracted from the digital elevation model with a resolution of 100-by-100 meters. Also,soil and land use information are parameterized to each sub-watershed. And precipitation, temperature are interpolated to all sub-watersheds. By coupling all the distributed parameters,the hydrological processes of the Jinghe River basin are simulated. The results show that the errors of water balance are less than 5% for all 25 sub-watersheds. which indicates the rationality of the model. The potential evapotranspiration simulated is quite close to the observation. As for the four hydrological stations,the correlation coefficient between daily runoff observed and simulated is about 0.84～0.93.