引水减少对河套永联试验区田间水均衡影响分析

Modeling influence of reduced irrigation water on water balance using SWAP

摘要: 以河套灌区永联试验区的六队六八斗渠控制区域为研究区域,采用荷兰Wageningen农业大学开发的SWAP(Soil Water Atmosphere Plant)模型,模拟分析了引水减少条件下的田间水均衡要素变化规律。结果显示蒸散发量占总耗水量的比例在90%以上,验证了河套灌区的耗水类型是以垂向的蒸散发为主。随着引水量减少,模拟的相对产量也显著降低。可见,当灌区年平均引水量从52亿m³减少到40亿m³时,现有种植结构下的作物产量将会受影响。因此,引水减少后的种植结构和灌溉制度需适度调整。

Abstract: This paper analyzes the influence of reduced irrigation on water balance of farmland by the soil-water-atmosphere-plant(SWAP)Model.The experiment site is an area controlled by lateral canal in Hetao irrigation district of China.The results show that the ratio of evapotranspiration to total consumed water is over 90%,which further proves evapotranspiration is the leading water-consumed factor in Hetao irrigation district.The result also shows that relative production will fall evidently due to reduced irrigation water.Therefore,when the quantity of water alloted in Hetao irrigation district is cut down from 5.2 billion m³ to 4.0 billion m³,the pattern of crops and irrigation scheduling etc must be regulated newly.