Abstract: Both climate change and human activities have great effects on hydrological processes. How to estimate and separate the influences arose from these two driving factors has been the focus of attention in hydrologic science. In view of climate change and human activities, three aspects of the research have been concluded as following: the research progress of the hydrological impacts caused by the two driving factors respectively and comprehensively has been summarized;future climate scenarios and human activities have been introduced;the methods of decomposing the influences of climate change and human activity scenarios on hydrology both in the past and future have been illustrated, and the distributed hydrological models which are frequently-used have been listed as well. Finally, based on current research contents, the problem of overlap between climate scenarios and human activity scenarios, and also the lack of research on the hydrologic extreme events separately caused by climate change and human activities are summarized and discussed.