Abstract:
Soil salinization in farmland is one of the main problems that threaten the sustainable development of agriculture. In order to develop a method for controlling soil water and salt in farmland and adapt to the needs of modern ecological agriculture, the source of salt and its cumulative dynamic characteristics in farmland were analyzed in this study. The effects of soil salt on the nutrient supply capacity of soils and the crop production capacity were analyzed to demonstrate the associated regulatory directions in the soil-crop system. According to the ideas for controlling soil water and salt at different times, the processes for regulating soil water and salt in farmland were divided into four stages, where the mechanism and control objectives in terms of water conservation measures, chemical measures, biological measures and agronomic measures were analyzed to assess the control of salt-alkali damage to soil and crops. According to the requirements for modern agricultural development, the ideas for controlling soil water and salt in farmland were developed by regulating the dynamic characteristics of soil water and salt transport, reconstructing the spatial distribution of soil water and salt and enhancing the effectiveness of crop growth adjustment measures. This study also identified the key technical issues that need to be addressed urgently to allow the green regulation of soil water and salt in farmland, and the basic scientific problems that need to be investigated in order to develop a theory of soil water and salt regulation, thereby providing guidance to facilitate the production of efficient and sustainable agroecosystems under saline-alkali stress.