陇东黄土塬区不同下垫面条件下侵蚀产沙的降雨阈值

夏露; 宋孝玉; 符娜; 李怀有; 李垚林

doi:10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.008

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陇东黄土塬区不同下垫面条件下侵蚀产沙的降雨阈值

夏露, 宋孝玉, 符娜, 李怀有, 李垚林

文章导航 > 水科学进展 > 2018 > 29(6): 828-838

夏露, 宋孝玉, 符娜, 李怀有, 李垚林. 陇东黄土塬区不同下垫面条件下侵蚀产沙的降雨阈值[J]. 水科学进展, 2018, 29(6): 828-838. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.008

引用本文:

XIA Lu, SONG Xiaoyu, FU Na, LI Huaiyou, LI Yaolin. Threshold standard of erosive rainfall under different underlying surface conditions in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu, China[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2018, 29(6): 828-838. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.008

Citation:

XIA Lu, SONG Xiaoyu, FU Na, LI Huaiyou, LI Yaolin. Threshold standard of erosive rainfall under different underlying surface conditions in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu, China[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2018, 29(6): 828-838. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.008

陇东黄土塬区不同下垫面条件下侵蚀产沙的降雨阈值

doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.008

1.
西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710048;
2.
黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站, 甘肃庆阳 745000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41771259）；陕西省水利科技计划项目（2016slkj-11）

详细信息

作者简介:
夏露(1992-),男,安徽芜湖人,博士研究生,主要从事水文学及水资源方面的研究。E-mail:xialuxiaochen@163.com

通讯作者:
宋孝玉,E-mail:songxy@xaut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TV125

Threshold standard of erosive rainfall under different underlying surface conditions in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu, China

1.
State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China;
2.
Xifeng Experiment Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Yellow River Conservancy Committee, Qingyang 745000, China

摘要: 根据陇东黄土高塬沟壑区典型小流域——南小河沟流域1954—2014年实测降雨产沙资料，应用降雨侵蚀力偏差系数法研究不同土地利用类型及空间尺度下侵蚀产沙的雨量阈值、雨强阈值及复合阈值标准，并通过对比分析确定了最优降雨阈值标准。结果表明：① 对于林地和草地坡面小区，其雨量阈值标准平均值（21.0 mm）较裸地（8.7 mm）和农地（9.7 mm）坡面小区分别提高了141%和116%，植被措施能够显著提高降雨阈值标准。② 杨家沟林地小流域的雨量阈值标准为16.5 mm，低于布设在该流域的林地坡面小区，同时对比董庄沟草地小流域及其坡面和全坡面小区的雨量阈值标准，其大小亦为：草地坡面尺度 > 草地全坡面尺度 > 草地小流域尺度，由此可见，降雨阈值标准会随着空间尺度增大而减小。③ 降雨阈值标准综合评价结果表明，各样点最优降雨阈值标准均为P≥a或I₃₀≥b这一复合因子标准，而在降雨单因子阈值标准中，对于农耕地和裸地坡面小区，宜采用最大30 min雨强（I₃₀）标准；对于经过水土流失治理的下垫面，宜采用雨量（P）标准。该研究可为区域土壤侵蚀预报提供参考。
- 土地利用 /
- 空间尺度 /
- 产沙降雨阈值 /
- 降雨侵蚀力 /
- 黄土高塬沟壑区
Abstract: Understanding the threshold standard of erosive rainfall is the basis of water erosion prediction. Most previous studies have not fully considered the variability of different underlying surface conditions, and have not effectively combined the thresholds for rainfall amount and rainfall intensity. Based on the rainfall and sediment yield data from 1954 to 2014 for the Nanxiaohegou watershed, a typical small watershed in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu in China, the rainfall erosivity deviation coefficient method was applied to analyze threshold standard of erosive rainfall under different land use types and spatial scales. The results of this study can be drawn as follows: ① The average rainfall amount threshold of the underlying surface with soil and water conservation treatments (forestland and grassland) increased by 141% and 116%, respectively, compared to that for bare plot (8.7 mm) and farmland plot (9.7 mm). Thus, vegetation measures can significantly improve the threshold standard of erosive rainfall; ② The erosive rainfall amount threshold of Yangjiagou small watershed was 16.5 mm, which was lower than that for the forestland slope area located in the watershed. In addition, the order of rainfall amount threshold for grassland at different spatial scales was grassland slope scale > grassland total slope scale > grassland watershed scale. These results indicated that the threshold standard of erosive rainfall decreased as spatial scale increased; ③ The best erosive rainfall threshold of each sample was the composite-factor standard: P≥a or I₃₀≥b. For the single-factor standard, it is advisable to apply I₃₀ for farmland and bare land; however, the rainfall amount threshold is considered to be more suitable for the underlying surface with vegetation measures. The results of this study can provide a reference for predicting regional soil erosion in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu.
- land use /
- spatial scale /
- erosive rainfall threshold /
- rainfall erosivity /
- Loess Plateau Gully Region

[1]	崔丹, 陈岩, 马冰然, 曾维华, 李瑞, 贾紫牧. 土地利用/景观格局对水环境质量的影响 . 水科学进展, 2019, 30(3): 423-433. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2019.03.012
[2]	徐羽, 许有鹏, 王强, 吴雷, 杨金艳, 施红怡. 太湖平原河网区城镇化发展与水系变化关系 . 水科学进展, 2018, 29(4): 473-481. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.04.003
[3]	程立平, 刘文兆, 李志, 韩晓阳. 长武黄土塬区土地利用变化对潜水补给的影响 . 水科学进展, 2016, 27(5): 670-678. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.05.004
[4]	郝振纯, 苏振宽. 土地利用变化对海河流域典型区域的径流影响 . 水科学进展, 2015, 26(4): 491-499. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2015.04.005
[5]	段良霞, 黄明斌, 张洛丹, 索立柱, 张永坤. 黄土高原沟壑区坡地土壤水分状态空间模拟 . 水科学进展, 2015, 26(5): 649-659. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2015.05.006
[6]	田培, 潘成忠, 许新宜, 杨帆, 李长嘉. 坡面流速及侵蚀产沙空间变异性试验 . 水科学进展, 2015, 26(2): 178-186. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2015.02.004
[7]	史晓亮, 杨志勇, 严登华, 李颖, 袁喆. 滦河流域土地利用/覆被变化的水文响应 . 水科学进展, 2014, 25(1): 21-27.
[8]	何丹, 马东豪, 张锡洲, 张佳宝, 郑子成. 土壤入渗特性的空间变异规律及其变异源 . 水科学进展, 2013, 24(3): 340-348.
[9]	王云强, 邵明安, 刘志鹏. 黄土高原区域尺度土壤水分空间变异性 . 水科学进展, 2012, 23(3): 310-316. doi: CNKI: 32.1309.P.20120501.1618.020
[10]	李鹏, 李占斌, 郑良勇. 黄土坡面径流侵蚀产沙动力过程模拟与研究 . 水科学进展, 2006, 17(4): 444-449.
[11]	岳隽, 王仰麟, 李正国, 张源, 卜心国. 河流水质时空变化及其受土地利用影响的研究——以深圳市主要河流为例 . 水科学进展, 2006, 17(3): 359-364.
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[13]	薛亚洲, 刘普灵, 杨明义, 琚彤军. 黄土坡面侵蚀产沙时空演变的REE示踪技术研究 . 水科学进展, 2005, 16(2): 174-180.
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陇东黄土塬区不同下垫面条件下侵蚀产沙的降雨阈值

doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.008

1. 西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710048;

2. 黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站, 甘肃庆阳 745000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41771259）；陕西省水利科技计划项目（2016slkj-11）

作者简介:
夏露(1992-),男,安徽芜湖人,博士研究生,主要从事水文学及水资源方面的研究。E-mail:xialuxiaochen@163.com

通讯作者: 宋孝玉,E-mail:songxy@xaut.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2018-04-28
刊出日期: 2018-12-25

中图分类号: TV125

关键词:

摘要: 根据陇东黄土高塬沟壑区典型小流域——南小河沟流域1954—2014年实测降雨产沙资料，应用降雨侵蚀力偏差系数法研究不同土地利用类型及空间尺度下侵蚀产沙的雨量阈值、雨强阈值及复合阈值标准，并通过对比分析确定了最优降雨阈值标准。结果表明：① 对于林地和草地坡面小区，其雨量阈值标准平均值（21.0 mm）较裸地（8.7 mm）和农地（9.7 mm）坡面小区分别提高了141%和116%，植被措施能够显著提高降雨阈值标准。② 杨家沟林地小流域的雨量阈值标准为16.5 mm，低于布设在该流域的林地坡面小区，同时对比董庄沟草地小流域及其坡面和全坡面小区的雨量阈值标准，其大小亦为：草地坡面尺度 > 草地全坡面尺度 > 草地小流域尺度，由此可见，降雨阈值标准会随着空间尺度增大而减小。③ 降雨阈值标准综合评价结果表明，各样点最优降雨阈值标准均为P≥a或I₃₀≥b这一复合因子标准，而在降雨单因子阈值标准中，对于农耕地和裸地坡面小区，宜采用最大30 min雨强（I₃₀）标准；对于经过水土流失治理的下垫面，宜采用雨量（P）标准。该研究可为区域土壤侵蚀预报提供参考。

English Abstract

Threshold standard of erosive rainfall under different underlying surface conditions in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu, China

1. State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China;

2. Xifeng Experiment Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Yellow River Conservancy Committee, Qingyang 745000, China

Received Date: 2018-04-28
Publish Date: 2018-12-25

Keywords:

Abstract: Understanding the threshold standard of erosive rainfall is the basis of water erosion prediction. Most previous studies have not fully considered the variability of different underlying surface conditions, and have not effectively combined the thresholds for rainfall amount and rainfall intensity. Based on the rainfall and sediment yield data from 1954 to 2014 for the Nanxiaohegou watershed, a typical small watershed in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu in China, the rainfall erosivity deviation coefficient method was applied to analyze threshold standard of erosive rainfall under different land use types and spatial scales. The results of this study can be drawn as follows: ① The average rainfall amount threshold of the underlying surface with soil and water conservation treatments (forestland and grassland) increased by 141% and 116%, respectively, compared to that for bare plot (8.7 mm) and farmland plot (9.7 mm). Thus, vegetation measures can significantly improve the threshold standard of erosive rainfall; ② The erosive rainfall amount threshold of Yangjiagou small watershed was 16.5 mm, which was lower than that for the forestland slope area located in the watershed. In addition, the order of rainfall amount threshold for grassland at different spatial scales was grassland slope scale > grassland total slope scale > grassland watershed scale. These results indicated that the threshold standard of erosive rainfall decreased as spatial scale increased; ③ The best erosive rainfall threshold of each sample was the composite-factor standard: P≥a or I₃₀≥b. For the single-factor standard, it is advisable to apply I₃₀ for farmland and bare land; however, the rainfall amount threshold is considered to be more suitable for the underlying surface with vegetation measures. The results of this study can provide a reference for predicting regional soil erosion in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu.

引用本文:

Citation:

XIA Lu, SONG Xiaoyu, FU Na, LI Huaiyou, LI Yaolin. Threshold standard of erosive rainfall under different underlying surface conditions in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu, China[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2018, 29(6): 828-838. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.008

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陇东黄土塬区不同下垫面条件下侵蚀产沙的降雨阈值

doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.008

作者简介: 夏露(1992-),男,安徽芜湖人,博士研究生,主要从事水文学及水资源方面的研究。E-mail:xialuxiaochen@163.com

通讯作者: 宋孝玉,E-mail:songxy@xaut.edu.cn

Threshold standard of erosive rainfall under different underlying surface conditions in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu, China

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出版历程

陇东黄土塬区不同下垫面条件下侵蚀产沙的降雨阈值

doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.008

1. 西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710048; 2. 黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站, 甘肃庆阳 745000

作者简介: 夏露(1992-),男,安徽芜湖人,博士研究生,主要从事水文学及水资源方面的研究。E-mail:xialuxiaochen@163.com

通讯作者: 宋孝玉,E-mail:songxy@xaut.edu.cn

English Abstract

Threshold standard of erosive rainfall under different underlying surface conditions in the Loess Plateau Gully Region of East Gansu, China

1. State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China; 2. Xifeng Experiment Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Yellow River Conservancy Committee, Qingyang 745000, China

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作者简介:
夏露(1992-),男,安徽芜湖人,博士研究生,主要从事水文学及水资源方面的研究。E-mail:xialuxiaochen@163.com

通讯作者:
宋孝玉,E-mail:songxy@xaut.edu.cn

1. 西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710048;

2. 黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站, 甘肃庆阳 745000

作者简介:
夏露(1992-),男,安徽芜湖人,博士研究生,主要从事水文学及水资源方面的研究。E-mail:xialuxiaochen@163.com

1. State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China;

2. Xifeng Experiment Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Yellow River Conservancy Committee, Qingyang 745000, China