考虑峰丛洼地内涝滞洪的分布式岩溶水文模型

A distributed karst hydrological model incorporating flooding detention in peak-cluster depressions

  • 摘要: 峰丛洼地内涝滞洪是岩溶流域水循环的关键环节。针对岩溶流域水文模型刻画峰丛洼地滞洪过程的不足,提出基于水量平衡原理的洼地内涝滞洪模拟方法,构建考虑滞洪影响的分布式新安江岩溶水文模型(DK-XAJ-DF),以刁江流域为研究区,开展流域内部龙头峰丛洼地内涝滞洪及河口、马陇水文站的逐小时径流模拟。结果表明:龙头洼地逐小时滞洪量模拟确定性系数达0.90,相对洪量误差0.77%;验证期河口站与马陇站逐小时径流模拟确定性系数分别为0.85和0.89,总量误差分别为3.0%和-4.4%;相较原模型,改进后的模型将马陇站的洪峰流量与峰现时间的合格率分别从65%与70%提升至70%与80%。DK-XAJ-DF模型通过量化滞洪效应提升岩溶区洪水模拟精度。

     

    Abstract: Flooding detention in peak-cluster depressions is a key component of the hydrological cycle in karst basins. To address the limitations of existing hydrological models in accurately representing this process, this study proposes a simulation method based on the water balance principle. A distributed karst Xin'anjiang hydrological model incorporating flooding detention in peak-cluster depressions (DK-XAJ-DF) is developed. Using the Diaojiang River basin as a representative study area, the model simulates the flooding detention volume in the Longtou peak-cluster depression and the streamflow processes at the Hekou and Malong hydrological stations. Results indicate that the hourly simulation of flooding detention volume in the Longtou depression achieves a determination coefficient and relative total error of 0.90 and 0.77%, respectively. During the validation period, the hourly simulation of streamflow yields determination coefficients of 0.85 and 0.89 for the Hekou and Malong stations, respectively, with corresponding total errors of 3.0% and −4.4%. Compared with the original model, the modified DK-XAJ-DF model improves the qualification rates of flood peak discharge and peak timing at the Malong station from 65% to 70% and from 70% to 80%, respectively. By explicitly quantifying the flooding detention effect, the DK-XAJ-DF model enhances simulation accuracy of flood simulation in karst areas.

     

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