Abstract: In the paper,the integrated research of characters,objectives,models,principles,index system and affecting factors of trans-boundary water resource allocatio is done: (1) the research progress in the trans-boundary water allocation in the past 10 years is summed up,and then the new development tendencies related are concluded; (2) the key issues and difficulties on transboundary water allocation are judged through the analysis on the characters of trans-boundary water resource in both aspects of the natures and the international laws; (3) the water allocation models as the whole allocation,the project allocation and the integrated watershed planning allocation are systematically analyzed; (4) the technical index system is brought forward,their affecting items are discussed,and the major index are defined based on the analysis of allocation principles of the trans-boundary water; and (5) the relative suggestions for the allocation of trans-boundary water resources in China are put forward.