Abstract: Water resources system is combined with natural hydrological cycle and man-made water process. The interdepen-dent relationship between these two cycles of water movement is analyzed. Based on the analysis,taking into consideration of major aspects related to water resources,the complex system can be classified as five sub-systems:natural water resources, development and use,ecosystem of water,water environment and social-economical system. The comprehensive indicator system is constructed by combining with the major factors in the sub-systems. Through the indicator system,the assessment of water resources and the status of development can be identified quantitatively with respective the indicators.Furthermore,the diagnostic indices are provided aiming at identifying the specific problems and the measures of improvement.