Abstract: According to the observed data of water and sediment,deposition and erosion,flood information,etc since 1950,the interrelationship among water volume of the sediment transport,the oncoming water and sediment,the flood discharges,the index of sediment and flow matching,the water and sediment diversion,the permissible deposition in the river course,etc,are studied in this paper.Based on the sediment transporting law and the index a formula which can be used to compute the water volume of the sediment transport in flood period and flood season at the controlling stations of the Lower Yellow River is set up.The formula expresses quantitatively the impact of water and sediment changing,and permissible deposition to the water volume of the sediment transport This research is very important for the plan and utilization of water resource and is very significant for keeping the Yellow River health.