Water cycle in substrate-vegetation-atmosphere system of rock slope
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摘要: 基质-植被系统是岩石边坡植被护坡工程的主要功能构件,其水分循环过程影响工程效应的实现.以高羊茅为建植植物,用TDR水分测定仪对不同表面处理、不同坡度的模拟边坡进行了1年的定位观测试验,研究了岩石边坡基质-植被-大气系统的水分循环过程.结果显示:坡度是影响岩石边坡基质-植被-大气系统水分循环的主要制约因素,坡度增加不仅降低坡面的实际受雨量,同时影响基质的水分输入,系统的蒸散量随坡度增加而降低,但变化幅度较小;试验地气象条件下,生长季的自然降水可满足45°及0°坡面植被所需,75°坡面则出现水分亏缺;由于基质良好的水分物理特性,坡面产流为蓄满产流,受降雨特征及基质初期含水量的影响较小,在同一时空条件下,不同坡面处理的基质含水量表现出微小差异,为喷射混凝土面>灰岩>砂岩.研究从水分循环角度提出了植被护坡技术应用的工程调整措施,为工程应用提供了必要的技术理论支持.Abstract: The substrate-vegetation system is the primary functional component of eco-engineering for the rock slope protection. The water cycle in the system can influence the engineering and achievement. In this paper,Festuca arundinacea Schreb is selected to study water cycle in substrate-vegetation-atmosphere system with the time domain reflector to investigate in situ for one year stimulating slope with the different surface treatments and the different gradients. The results show that the gradient is the main limiting factor of water cycle in substrate-vegetation-atmosphere system. A rise in gradient leads to a decrease in the actual precipitation receiption of slope and a change in substrate water input. The evapotranspiration from the system decreases with the gradient improving,but the rangeability is small. Under weather conditions of the experiment area,the natural precipitation is sufficient for the vegetation with slopes of 45° and 60°,whereas deficient for the vegetation on a slope of 75°. Runoff happens when the substrate is fully filled with water due to its favorable moisture physical properties. The effect of the precipitation characteristics and the water content of the initial stages in the substrate on the process of runoff is small. Under the same space-time condition,water content in the substrate varies slightly in different treatments. They fallow in the order of spraying concrete slope>limestone>sandstone. The modified engineering measurements of eco-engineering are suggested from the point of water cycle,and provide necessary technical and theoretical support.
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Key words:
- substrate-vegetation system /
- rock slope /
- eCO2 engineering /
- time domain reflector /
- water cycle
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