Abstract: The riverine carbon transport is closely related to the processes of terrestrial erosion-deposition.This paper firstly reviews two different kinds of terrestrial erosion(the mechanical and chemical weathering mechanisms),discusses their respective roles in providing carbon to the river,and compares the differences between the monsoon and non-monsoon drainage basins in flux and the characteristic of the riverine carbon transport.Then it makes a summary of the terrestrial carbon deposition and points out several potential land-origin carbon traces including dam capture,deposition happening in floodplain,estuary and near-shore area,and terrestrial carbon precipitation.It is necessary to pay more attention to the terrestrial carbon deposition, and set up clear mechanisms of different types of carbon deposition and their respective contributions to world terrestrial carbon sink,because the captive effect of terrestrial environment relative to the terrestrial erosion is unclear.In addition,we should further explore direct or indirect impacts of human activities on the processes of terrestrial erosion-deposition and the riverine carbon cycle.