张应华, 仵彦卿. 黑河流域不同水体中δ18O的变化[J]. 水科学进展, 2007, 18(6): 864-870.
引用本文: 张应华, 仵彦卿. 黑河流域不同水体中δ18O的变化[J]. 水科学进展, 2007, 18(6): 864-870.
ZHANG Ying-hua, WU Yan-qing. Variation of δ18O in water in Heihe river basin[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2007, 18(6): 864-870.
Citation: ZHANG Ying-hua, WU Yan-qing. Variation of δ18O in water in Heihe river basin[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2007, 18(6): 864-870.

黑河流域不同水体中δ18O的变化

Variation of δ18O in water in Heihe river basin

  • 摘要: 水资源短缺和合理利用是干旱半干旱区黑河流域面临的一个严峻问题,解决问题的关键是要深入了解水循环机理,而分析不同水体中环境同位素变化特征是应用同位素示踪技术研究水循环机理所必须的前提。根据测得的黑河流域降水、河水和地下水中δ18O,分析了取样期间不同水样δ18O的变化,揭示了降水中δ18O存在显著的温度效应、季节效应、高程效应以及与降水量的正相关关系;河水中δ18O的时空变化特征,即出山口地区河水中δ18O统计值低于山区和盆地,山区河水中δ18O的时间分布与大气降水一致,出山口河水中δ18O时间分布与大气降水相反,河水中δ18O沿黑河流程存在显著递增趋势;地下水中δ18O在张掖变化幅度较大,在临泽较均一且9月份普遍高于6月份,而在高台则分为显著的2组,较高的一组9月份普遍低于6月份。研究了不同因素对水循环过程中δ18O变化的影响及相互作用,为同位素技术在黑河流域水循环研究中的应用提供科学依据。

     

    Abstract: Heihe river basin,as one of the greatest inland rivers in China,is confronted with water resources scarceness due to the unreasonable development or utilization.To utilize the limited water resource effectively,the isotope techniques are widely used to study hydrological cycle.The variations of δ18O in different water are analyzed during the period of sampling using the data of precipitation,surface water and groundwater in Heihe river basin.It is found that δ18O is affected by rainfall, altitude,season and temperature.As is also shown through the multivariate linear regression equation,the most important factor affecting the δ18O is the temperature.The maximum,minimum and mean of δ18O in river water are lower at mountain outlets than those in mountain areas or in river basin.The change of δ18O with time in river water in mountain areas accords with that in precipitation,however at mountain outlets it is contrary to that in precipitation.The δ18O in river water increases progressively from the upper to the lower reaches of Heihe river.The δ18O fluctuates in a wide range in groundwater at Zhangye, in a more narrow range at Linze,and is divided into two parts at Gaotai.The δ18O in groundwater sampled in September is higher than those in J une at Linze.Conversely it is lower than that in June against the high δ18O part at Gaotai.Furthermore, the impact of different factors on the variations of δ18O in the process of water cycle and their interaction are evaluated in the study.Therefore,the isotopic technique can be widely applied to thorough study on the water cycle in Heihe river basin.

     

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