On fractal description of ponds distribution in irrigation system
-
摘要: 塘堰服务于灌区农业灌溉、居民生活用水等,是灌区水循环系统的重要组成部分,其分布是地貌侵蚀与发育以及人为因素影响下的结果。基于GIS数据库和空间分析功能,以湖北漳河三干渠灌区塘堰为例,应用分形理论对塘堰分布进行了分析。区域内塘堰面积服从双曲分布,一定范围内具有标度不变性,在概率空间中表现出分形结构的幂律性质。采用覆盖塘堰像元的方法求取了整个灌区和14个子区域的盒维数和信息维数,也表明塘堰的空间展布是一个分形体。最后分析了盒维数和信息维数与地形因子的线性关系。Abstract: The current interest in ponds stems mainly from their utilization for irrigation,domestic use,livestock watering, fishing and so on.The ponds,whose distribution results from geomorphological erosion and development as well as human activities,are important components for hydrologicl cycle in irrigation system. Here we report the analyses of the ponds distribution from Zhanghe irrigation system to determine their frcatal structure based on the geographic information system(GIS).The ponds areas,both in the whole region and the sub regions,are close to the hyperbolic distribution and exhibit power law properties of the fractal structure for the scale invariance in probability spaces.The covering cell method is used to obtain the box dimension and information dimension of ponds distribution in the whole region and 14 sub-regions,and the results show that the ponds are fratal structures lying on the two dimensional space Lastly,the linear relations between the two-fratal dimentions and the topographic factors are analyzed.
-
Key words:
- irrigation system /
- pond /
- fractal /
- hyperbolic distribution /
- box dimension /
- information dimension /
- topographic factor
-
[1] Unamia K,Kawachia T,Yangyuoru M.Optimal water management in small-scale tank irrigation systems[J].Energy,2005,30:1419-1428. [2] 王铁生.长藤结瓜灌溉系统的水利计算[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1984. [3] 董斌,崔远来,李远华.水稻灌区节水灌溉尺度效应[J].水科学进展,2005,16 (6):833-839. [4] 汪富泉,曹叔尤,丁晶.河流网络的分形与自组织及其物理机制[J].水科学进展,2002,13 (3):368-376. [5] Shahbaz M,David D,Hong L,et al.An assessment of collective action for pond management in Zhanghe Irrigation System (ZIS),China[J].Agricultural Systems,2007,92:140-156. [6] 堪芸,洪林,李远华,等.漳河灌区塘堰灌溉作用研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2005,24 (2):48-51. [7] 郑祖金,崔远来,董斌,等.灌区塘堰拦蓄地表径流能力的研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2005(1):39-40. [8] 艾南山.走向分形地貌学[J].地理学与国土研究,1999,15 (1):92-96. [9] 张少文,王文圣,丁晶,等.分形理论在水文水资源中的应用[J].水科学进展,2005,16 (1):141-146. [10] Liebe J,Giesen N V,Andreini M.Estimation of small reservoir storage capacities in a semi-arid environment.A case study in the Upper East Region of Ghana[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2005,30:448-454. [11] 蔡学良,崔远来,董斌,等.基于GIS的南方水库灌区塘堰蓄水能力研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2006(10):1-3. [12] Mandelbrot B B.大自然的分形几何学[M].陈守吉,凌夏华(译).上海:上海远东出版社,1998. [13] Tarboton D G,Bras R L,Rodriguez-Iturbe I.The fractal nature of river networks[J].Water Resources Research,1988,24 (8):1317-1322. [14] 侯玉,吴伯贤,郑国权.分形理论用于洪水分期的初步探讨[J].水科学进展,1999,10 (2):140-143. [15] 张济忠.分形[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995. [16] 朱晓华,蔡运龙.中国水系的盒维数及其关系[J].水科学进展,2003,14 (6):731-735. [17] 李旭涛,曹汉强,赵鸿燕.分形布朗运动模型及其在地形分析中的应用[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31 (5):50-52. -

计量
- 文章访问数: 9
- HTML全文浏览量: 3
- PDF下载量: 507
- 被引次数: 0