Spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture in alpine meadow area of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
-
摘要: 通过网格(10m×10m)取样,用地统计学方法研究了青藏高原高寒草甸覆盖区域(110m×90m)浅层剖面(0~40cm)土壤水分的空间异质性特征。结果表明:在高寒草甸覆盖区0~30cm深度范围内,土壤水分均存在高度空间异质性,其中87.3%~74.9%的空间异质性是由空间自相关部分引起的,主要体现在201m以下尺度,10m以下随机因素对空间异质性作用较小;30~40cm土壤水分空间异质性由10m以下尺度随机因素导致的占42.3%,而自相关部分的空间异质性(57.7%)体现在10~87.2m尺度。随土层深度的增加,分维数D有逐渐增大的趋势,说明随深度增加高寒草甸区土壤水分自相关空间异质性程度在降低,而随机因素导致的空间异质性程度在增加。从4层的C0/(C+C0)值来看,10~20cm这一层的值最小,表明在这一层的系统变量的空间自相关性程度最高。说明高寒草甸区0~30cm土层的土壤水分含量是受降水、植被发育、根系分布、土壤特性和人为干扰等影响,其空间异质性主要受自相关因素控制,而30cm以下的土壤水分受自相关因素和随机因素共同控制。Abstract: In this paper geo-statistical theory and methods are used to study the spatial heterogeneity of loll moisture characteristics in shallow profile (0~40 cm) of alpine meadow areas(110 m×90 m) in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.The 352 sampling points are fixed in total Using the grid sampling method(10 m×10 m space).The results show that in alpine meadows 0-30 cm depth of coverage area,there is a high degree of spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture.Within 87.3%-74.9% spatial heterogeneity,part of the spatial autocorrelation is at 0-30 cm depth.The auto-correlation factors at 10-201 m scale play an important role in the 0-30 cm soil moisture spatial heterogeneity.But spatial heterogeneity of mil moisture at the layer of 30-40 cm depth can be controlled by the random and auto-correlation factors.With the increase of depth the fractal dimension D has a gradually increasing trend.The warthy noting is that the random factor will increase at soil depth for soil moisture spatial heterogeneity.From the C0/(C+C0) comparable values of soil four layers,the minimum value is in the lowest level of thi s 10-20 cm,the level of system variables is shown in the highest degree of spatial autocorrelation.mil moisture content of the layer 0-30 cm of alpine meadows area is affected by precipitation,vegetation growth,mot distribution,soil characteristics and impacts of human interference et al.
-
Key words:
- Qinghai-Xizang Plateau /
- alpine meadow /
- geo-stabstics /
- soil moisture /
- spatial heterogeneity
-
[1] 雷志栋,杨诗秀,谢森传.土壤水动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1988.321-340. [2] 陈亚新,史海滨.地质统计学在水资源系统的应用和发展[J].内蒙古水利,1997(1):12-16. [3] 陈亚新,史海滨,陈慧新,等.盐溶质及其离子品位空间变异性的Co-Kriging估计[J].水利学报,1998(6):35-40. [4] Moore I D,Butch G J,Mackenzie D H.Topographic effects on the distribution of surface soil water and the 1 ocation of ephemeral gullies[J].Trans Am Soc Ag Engng,1988,31:1098-1 107. [5] Ladson A R,Moore I D.Soil water prediction on the Konza Prairie by microwave remote sensing and topographic attributes[J].Journal of Hydrology,1992,138:385-407. [6] Famiglietti J S,Rudnicki J W,Rodellt M.Variability in surface moisture content along a hillslope transect:Rattlesnake Hill,Texas[J].Journal of Hydrology,1998,210:259-281. [7] 王政权.地统计学及在生态学中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999. [8] 赵文智.科尔沁沙地人工植被对土壤水分异质性的影响[J].土壤学报,2002,39(1):113-119. [9] 王根绪,沈永平,钱鞠,等.高寒草地植被覆盖变化对土壤水分循环影响研究[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(6):653-659. [10] 丁永建,叶伯生,刘时银,等.青藏高原大尺度冻土水文监测研究[J].科学通报,2000,45(2):208-214. [11] 李元寿,王根绪,王一博,等.长江黄河源区覆被变化下降水的产流产沙效应研究[J].水科学进展,2006,17(5):616-623. [12] 吴青柏,沈永平,施斌.青藏高原冻土及水热过程与寒区生态环境的关系[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(3):250-255. [13] 程国栋,赵林.青藏高原开发中的冻土问题[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(6):521-531. [14] 雷志栋,胡和平,杨诗秀.土壤水研究进展与评述[J].水科学进展,1999,10(3):311-318. [15] 李元寿,王根绪,程玉菲,等.FDR在高寒草地土壤水分测量中的标定及其应用[J].干旱区地理,2006,29(4):543-547. [16] Goovaerts P.Geostatistical tools for characterizing the spatial variability of microbiological and physico-chemical soil properties[J].Biol Fertil Soils,1998,27:315-334. [17] Western A W,Gunter B,Rodger B G.Geostatistical characterisation of soil moisture patterns in the Tarrawarra catchment[J].Journal of Hydrology,1998,205:20-37. [18] Li H B,Reynolds J F.On definition and quantification of heterogeneity[J].Oikos,1995,73:280-284. [19] 王军德,王根绪,陈玲.高寒草甸土壤水分的影响因子及其空间变异研究[J].冰川冻土,2006,28(3):428-433. [20] 刘贤赵,衣华鹏.渭北旱塬土壤水分空间变异性[J].山地学报,2004,22(5):521-527. [21] 马风云,李新荣,张景光,等.沙坡头人工固沙植被土壤水分空间异质性[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(5):789-795. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 141
- HTML全文浏览量: 38
- PDF下载量: 1148
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
