蒸发皿中水面蒸发氢氧同位素分馏的实验研究

包为民; 胡海英; 王涛; 瞿思敏

蒸发皿中水面蒸发氢氧同位素分馏的实验研究

包为民^1,2,
胡海英^1,2,
王涛^1,2,
瞿思敏^1,2

1.
河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 江苏, 南京, 210098;
2.
河海大学水文水资源学院, 江苏, 南京, 210098

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(50679024);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAC05B02);河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室开放研究基金(2005406411);江苏省研究生培养创新工程(CX07B_130Z)

详细信息

作者简介:
包为民(1956- ),男,浙江东阳人,教授,主要从事水文水资源、同位素水文学研究.E-mail:wmbao@hhu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P426.22

Experimental study on the fractionation mechanism of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in evaporation from water surface of evaporation pans

1.
State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
2.
College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

Funds: The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50679024)

摘要: 气象要素与蒸发密切相关,通过室内外不同气象条件下的器皿水蒸发实验,获得了水面蒸发氢氧稳定同位素分馏因子与气象要素的关系。实验结果表明,随着蒸发的进行,剩余水体中逐渐富集重同位素;自由水体蒸发同位素分馏在垂线上有分层现象,表层水体同位素值比垂线平均的同位素值略富集;不同温度条件下的室内蒸发实验中,温度越高,液-气间分馏系数越小,相应于同一剩余水体体积比,剩余水体稳定同位素值则越低。室外器皿水自由蒸发实验中得出的蒸发线方程斜率较大地偏离了当地降水线,表明实验期间水体蒸发分馏作用较明显。该研究为进一步揭示水体蒸发分馏规律提供了可靠的实验依据。
- 水面蒸发 /
- 氢氧同位素 /
- 分馏 /
- 蒸发皿 /
- 实验研究
Abstract: There is a close relationship between meteorological factors and evaporation.In this paper, the relationship between evaporation fractionation factor of stable isotopes and meteorological factors is analyzed through the water evaporation experiments under different meteorological conditions.The results indicate that the residual water is gradually enriched in heavy isotopes along with the evaporation In the outdoor evaporation experiment, isotopic stratification phenomenon takes place in different water layers of the evaporation pans where the isotopic ratios of surface water are more concentrated than that of deeper water due to the discrepancy of the sunlight radiation, heat convection and wind speed.It is also shown that the fractionation factor of stable isotopes is inversely proportional to the evaporation temperature.Moreover, the evaporation line of outdoor experiment obviously deviates from the local meteoric water line, which demonstrates that the evaporation action of the surface water is strong in course of the experiment Therefore, the research provides credible experimental data for revealing the evaporation fractionation mechanism further.
- water surface evaporation /
- hydrogen and oxygen isotopes /
- fractionation /
- evaporation pan /
- experimental study

[1]	MOCK W G.Envimnmental isotopes in the hydrological cycle:Principles and appllcations[M].Vienna:IHS of IAEA,2001.13-16.
[2]	GAT J R.Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in the hydrologic cycle[J].Anna Rev Earth Planet Sci,1996,24:225-262.
[3]	DANSGAARD W.Stable isotopes in precipitation[J].Tellus,1964,16(4):436-468.
[4]	宋献方,夏军,于静洁,等.应用环境同位素技术研究华北典型流域水循环机理的展望[J].地理科学进展,2002,21(6):527-537.(SONG Xian-fang,XIA Jun,YU Jing-jie,et al.The prospect in the research of water cycle at the typical catchments of north China plain using environmental isotopes[J].Progress in Geography,2002,21(6):527-537.(in Chinese))
[5]	MCGLYNN B L,MCDONNELL J J,BRAMMER D D.A review of the evolving perceptual model of hillslope flowpaths at the Maimai catchment,New Zealand[J].Journal of Hydrology,2002,257:1-26.
[6]	LEE K S,KIM J M,LEE D R,et al.Analysis of water movement through an unsaturated soil zone in Jeju Island,Korea using stable oxygen and hydrogen isotupes[J].Journal of Hydrology,2007,345:199-211.
[7]	ROBERTSON J A,GAZIS C A.An oxygen isotope study of seasonal trends in soil water fluxes at two sites along a climate gradient in Washington State (USA)[J].Journal of Hydrology,2006,328:375-387.
[8]	张应华,许彦卿.黑河流域不同水体中δ¹⁸O的变化[J].水科学进展,2007,18(6):864-870.(ZHANG Ying-hua,WU Yan-qing.Variation of δ¹⁸O in water in Heihe fiver basin[J].Advances in Water Science,2007,18(6):864-870.(in Chinese))
[9]	章新平,姚檀栋,田立德,等.乌鲁木齐河流域不同水体中的氧稳定同位素[J].水科学进展,2003,14(1):50-56.(ZHANG Xin-ping,YAO Tan-dong,TIAN Li-de,et al.Stable oxygen isotope in water mediums in Urumqi river basin[J].Advances in Water Science,2003,14(1):50-56.(in Chinese))
[10]	MAJOUBE M.Fractionnement on oxygène-18 et en deuterium entre l'can et sa vapeur[J].J Chim Phys,1971,10:1423-1436.
[11]	HORITA J,WESOLOWSKI D J.Liqaid-vaper fractionation of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes of water from the freezing to the critical temperature[J].Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1994,58 (16):3425-3437.
[12]	章新平,姚檀栋,田立德.水体蒸发过程中稳定同位素分馏的模拟[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(1):65-70.(ZHANG Xin-ping,YAO Tan-dong,TIAN u.de.Study on the fractionation mechanism of stable isotope in evaporating water body[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2003,25(1):65-70.(in Chinese))
[13]	CRAIG H,GORDON L I,HONBE Y.Isotopic exchange effects in the evaporation of water[J].J Geophys Res,1963,68:5079-5087.
[14]	CRAIG H,GORDON L I.Deuterium and oxygen-18 variations in the ocean and the marine atmosphere[A].TONGIORGI E.Stable isotopes in oceanographic studies and paleotemperatures[C].Pisa:Lab Geol Nucl,1965.1-122.
[15]	RAYLEIGH J W S.Theoretical considerations respecting the separation of gases by diffusion and similar processes[J].Philos Mng,1896,42:493.
[16]	田立德,姚檀栋,孙维贞,等.青藏高原中部水蒸发过程中的氧稳定同位素变化[J].冰川冻土,2000,22(2):159-164.(TIAN Li-de,YAO Tan-dung,SUN Wei-zhen,et al.Study on stable isotope fractionation during water evaporation in the middle of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2000,22(2):159-164.(in Chinese))
[17]	GAT J R.Environmental isotope balance of lake Tiberias[A].Isotopes in hydrology[C].Vienna:IAEA,1970.109-127.
[18]	KRABBENHOLF D P,BOWSER C J,ANDERSON M P,et al.Estimating groundwater exchange with lakes,1,the stable isotope mass balance method[J].Wat Resour Res,1990,26:2445-2453.
[19]	GONFIANTINI R,ZUPPI G M,ECCLES D H,et al.Isotope investigation of lake Malawi[A].Isotopes in lake Studies[C].Vienna:IAEA,1979.195-207.
[20]	FROEHLICH K.Evaluating the water balance of inland 8e88 using isotopic tracers:The Caspian sea experience[J].Hydrol Process,2000,14:1371-1383.

[1]	陆颖, 何大明, 何开为, 袁旭. 澜沧江-湄公河水电站单位发电耗水量分析计算 . 水科学进展, 2018, 29(3): 415-423. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.03.014
[2]	蒲俊兵, 李建鸿, 吴夏, 袁道先, 张陶. 热分层效应控制的水库水体氢氧同位素特征 . 水科学进展, 2016, 27(4): 561-568. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.04.010
[3]	马斌, 梁杏, 靳孟贵, 李静, 牛宏. 华北平原典型区水体蒸发氢氧同位素分馏特征 . 水科学进展, 2015, 26(5): 639-648. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2015.05.005
[4]	曾海鳌, 吴敬禄. 塔吉克斯坦水体同位素和水化学特征及成因 . 水科学进展, 2013, 24(2): 272-279.
[5]	杨玉忠, 吴青柏, 贠汉伯. 北麓河多年冻土区降水及河水稳定同位素特征分析 . 水科学进展, 2013, 24(6): 778-785.
[6]	邓文平, 余新晓, 贾国栋, 李亚军, 刘玉洁. 北京西山鹫峰地区氢氧稳定同位素特征分析 . 水科学进展, 2013, 24(5): 642-650.
[7]	徐学选, 张北赢, 田均良. 黄土丘陵区降水-土壤水-地下水转化实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2010, 21(1): 16-22.
[8]	邓军, 许唯临, 刘善均, 王韦. 射流掺气对水垫塘及坑底压强影响的实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2009, 20(3): 373-378.
[9]	杜军, 边多, 鲍建华, 拉巴, 路红亚. 藏北高原蒸发皿蒸发量及其影响因素的变化特征 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(6): 786-791.
[10]	芦绮玲, 陈刚. 多孔紊动射流的数值模拟与实验研究进展 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(1): 137-146.
[11]	余斌. 浊流和泥石流的异重流初期潜入点的实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(1): 27-35.
[12]	顾杰, 黄静, 李志伟. 瞬时排放泥沙颗粒团在横流中对流扩散特性的实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(4): 483-488.
[13]	谢立全, 于玉贞, 单宏伟. 水流对渗流的影响实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(4): 525-530.
[14]	余斌. 无水滑的水下泥石流运动速度的实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2007, 18(5): 641-647.
[15]	张玮, 钟春欣, 应翰海. 草皮护坡水力糙率实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2007, 18(4): 483-489.
[16]	王艳君, 姜彤, 许崇育. 长江流域20cm蒸发皿蒸发量的时空变化 . 水科学进展, 2006, 17(6): 830-833.
[17]	王大国, 邹志利. 浅水非线性长波的数值模拟与实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2004, 15(2): 178-183.
[18]	李毅, 邵明安, 王文焰, 王全九. 不同灌水定额条件下的覆膜开孔蒸发实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2004, 15(3): 357-363.
[19]	陈家军, 彭胜, 王金生, 王志明, 李书绅. 非饱和带水气二相流动参数确定实验研究 . 水科学进展, 2001, 12(4): 467-472.
[20]	陈惠泉, 毛世民. 水面蒸发系数全国通用公式的验证 . 水科学进展, 1995, 6(2): 116-120.

点击查看大图

计量

文章访问数: 69
HTML全文浏览量: 10
PDF下载量: 566
被引次数: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

留言板

蒸发皿中水面蒸发氢氧同位素分馏的实验研究

作者简介:
包为民(1956- ),男,浙江东阳人,教授,主要从事水文水资源、同位素水文学研究.E-mail:wmbao@hhu.edu.cn

Experimental study on the fractionation mechanism of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in evaporation from water surface of evaporation pans

计量

蒸发皿中水面蒸发氢氧同位素分馏的实验研究

1. 河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 江苏, 南京, 210098;

2. 河海大学水文水资源学院, 江苏, 南京, 210098

作者简介:
包为民(1956- ),男,浙江东阳人,教授,主要从事水文水资源、同位素水文学研究.E-mail:wmbao@hhu.edu.cn

English Abstract

Experimental study on the fractionation mechanism of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in evaporation from water surface of evaporation pans

1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;

2. College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

全文HTML

目录

留言板

蒸发皿中水面蒸发氢氧同位素分馏的实验研究

作者简介: 包为民(1956- ),男,浙江东阳人,教授,主要从事水文水资源、同位素水文学研究.E-mail:wmbao@hhu.edu.cn

Experimental study on the fractionation mechanism of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in evaporation from water surface of evaporation pans

计量

出版历程

蒸发皿中水面蒸发氢氧同位素分馏的实验研究

1. 河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 江苏, 南京, 210098; 2. 河海大学水文水资源学院, 江苏, 南京, 210098

作者简介: 包为民(1956- ),男,浙江东阳人,教授,主要从事水文水资源、同位素水文学研究.E-mail:wmbao@hhu.edu.cn

English Abstract

Experimental study on the fractionation mechanism of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in evaporation from water surface of evaporation pans

1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; 2. College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

全文HTML

目录

作者简介:
包为民(1956- ),男,浙江东阳人,教授,主要从事水文水资源、同位素水文学研究.E-mail:wmbao@hhu.edu.cn

1. 河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 江苏, 南京, 210098;

2. 河海大学水文水资源学院, 江苏, 南京, 210098

作者简介:
包为民(1956- ),男,浙江东阳人,教授,主要从事水文水资源、同位素水文学研究.E-mail:wmbao@hhu.edu.cn

1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;

2. College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China