Abstract: The newly advances in the climate change and China's water resources are given in this paper.The results and findings show that the current water resource issue in China is related not only to the rapid growth of population and economic, but also to the obvious climate change and variability over the past 50 years.Future change in climate will probably lead to further shortage of water resources in some river basins and more severe floods in others, threatening the sustainable development of the catchments.The authors recommend that more attention be given to the issue of climate change and variability in planning and managing major river basins' water resources in the future.