生物栖息地隔离对河流生态影响的试验研究

段学花; 王兆印

生物栖息地隔离对河流生态影响的试验研究

段学花¹,
王兆印²

清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室, 北京, 100084

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(50779027);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2003CB415206);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB04A08)

详细信息

作者简介:
段学花(1981- ),女,山东滨州人,博士研究生,主要从事河流泥沙、河流生态研究.E-mail:duanxh04@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

中图分类号: Q178.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2007-11-19
- 刊出日期: 2009-01-24

Experimental study on the effect of habitat isolation on river ecology

DUAN Xue-hua¹,
WANG Zhao-yin²

State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Funds: The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50779027);the National Basic Research Programof China (No.2003CB415206) and the National Key Project of Scientific and Technical supporting programs Funded by the Ministry of Science and Technologyy of China (No.2006BAB04A08)

摘要

摘要: 以底栖动物为指示物种对天然破碎河段进行野外调查,并开展野外试验对天然河段进行人工隔离和定期采样分析,研究了栖息地隔离对底栖动物组成及河流生态的影响。结果表明,溶解氧含量在各隔离区中变化不一致;隔离区内动物密度、丰度和多样性均降低,隔离程度越高,降低越显著。从动物组成来看,蜉蝣目和双翅目的相对密度在隔离区中显著降低,蜻蜓目和双壳纲则增加。河流栖息地被隔离后,底栖群落经过一段波动周期后才表现出规律性变化趋势。由于水生昆虫在成虫阶段的飞行扩散,隔离区与天然河流之间仍存在较高的动物流通,但隔离区内的动物组成并不完全是天然河段内的子集。结合研究结果和中国河流实际,提出了保护河流生态及生物多样性的建议和对策。
- 生物栖息地隔离 /
- 河流生态 /
- 生物多样性 /
- 扩散
Abstract: The field investigations and an experiment were conducted in the Juma river in the suburbs of Beijing to study the effect of habitat fragmentation on river ecology,using benthic macro-invertebrates as indicator species.Three experimental plots were isolated from a relatively undisturbed stream habitat with sheet iron.The benthic assemblages and water parameters were measured by sampling periodically.The results indicate that the abundance,taxa richness and biodiversity of inverte-brates significantly decrease in the experimental plots owing to the habitat isolation.The smaller the experimental habitat plot,the more significantly these biotic indices decrease.The contents of the dissolved oxygen in the studied plots present the inconsistent variations.The comparison of the benthic communities shows that the relative abundances of Ephemeroptera and Diptera reduces significantly in the isolated plots,and that of the Odonata and Lamellibranchia increase significantly.It is also found that the benthic communities need some time to stabilize after isolation,and then present apparent variation over time.There is a relatively high degree of taxa turnover between isolated plots and the non-isolated reach,which can be attributed to the flight and dispersal of many aquatic insects in their adult stage.However,the benthic communities in isolated plots are not nested subsets in the natural non-isolated stream.This paper also gives some suggestions of the river restoration and the preservation of river ecological integrity based on the study and the present status of the rivers in China.
- habitat isolation /
- river ecology /
- biodiversity /
- dispersal

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参考文献(14)

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文章访问数: 155
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生物栖息地隔离对河流生态影响的试验研究

作者简介: 段学花(1981- ),女,山东滨州人,博士研究生,主要从事河流泥沙、河流生态研究.E-mail:duanxh04@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

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Experimental study on the effect of habitat isolation on river ecology

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作者简介:
段学花(1981- ),女,山东滨州人,博士研究生,主要从事河流泥沙、河流生态研究.E-mail:duanxh04@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn