Abstract: Less attention if paid to the study of the sediment surface morphology and the adsorbed pollutant.In this paper,the field emission scanning microscope is used to measure the surface microscopic morphology of sediment particles and detect the location of the adsorbes copper ions.And the surface curvatures of the copperions absorbed are computed to analyze the adsorption characteristics on sediment surface.The results show that the copperions are mainly distributed in the ridge and valley of the particle surface and fewer ions are located in the other textures of the sediment surface.The curvature C_u reflects the adsorption capacity of copperion on the complex surface.The area with C_u = 1.1 has great potential to adsorb copperions.