古尔班通古特沙漠植物雾凇凝结特征

周宏飞; 周宝佳; 代琼

古尔班通古特沙漠植物雾凇凝结特征

周宏飞^1,2,3,
周宝佳⁴,
代琼⁵

1.
西安理工大学水利水电工程学院, 陕西, 西安, 710048;
2.
中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆, 乌鲁木齐, 830011;
3.
新疆阜康荒漠生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆, 阜康, 831505;
4.
重庆市渝西水利电力建筑勘测设计院, 重庆, 永川, 402160;
5.
重庆大学城市科技学院, 重庆, 永川, 402160

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(40671037;30800144);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2009CB421301);“十一五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2007BAC17B02)

详细信息

作者简介:
周宏飞(1965- ),男,浙江东阳人,博士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态水文方面的研究工作.E-mail:zhouhf@ms.xjb.ac.cn

中图分类号: P426

Observational analysis of rime condensation on plants over the Gurbantunggut Dsert in China

1.
Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China;
2.
Xinjiang Institute of Ecology &Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
3.
National Fukang Desert Ecosystem Field Sciences Observation and Research Station, Fukang 831505, China;
4.
Yuxi Investigation and Design Institute of Water Resources and Electric Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing 402160, China;
5.
College of Sciences and Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 402160, China

Funds: The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40671037; 30800144),the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2009CB421301)and the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China during 11 th Five-year Plan Period(No.2007BAC17B02).

摘要: 古尔班通古特沙漠冬季稳定积雪期长,多雾凇天气.通过2007年11月~2008年3月在沙漠南缘的定位实验观测,发现植物雾凇凝结水总量平均为5.8 mm,占冬季降水量的21.8%,其中,沙漠区垄间和垄上植物雾凇凝结水总量分别是3.8 mm和9.1 mm,各占冬季降水量的14.4%和34.3%;植物雾凇凝结水量是雪面凝结水量的5倍;荒漠植物的雾凇凝结水可以增加古尔班通古特沙漠冬季植被分布区域水资源量.雾凇形成的最大风速一般小于3m/s;-15℃~-20℃是雾凇形成次数最多的气温区间,占全部雾凇日数的24.3%,气温低于-30℃时雾凇凝结量显著减少;观测期雾凇形成时大气最大相对湿度小于80%的日数占冬季雾凇日数的41%.低温、高湿、低风速的气象条件,加之梭梭枝条的细直径和针状叶特征,是古尔班通古特沙漠冬季具有丰富植物雾凇凝结水的重要原因.
- 古尔班通古特沙漠 /
- 凝结特征 /
- 植物雾凇 /
- 试验研究
Abstract: There are long winter seasons with stable snow cover and frequently rime phenomena in the Gurbantunggut Desert in China.Based on the rime observations from November 2007 to March 2008 at the experimental sites on the southern margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert,we find that the average water equivalent of rime condensation on desert shrub crowns is 5.8 mm,about 5 times more than that on snow surfaces,and accounts for 21.8% of the total winter precipitation.The values of rime-fall on plants on the top and foot of longitudinal dunes are 3.8 mm and 9.1mm respectively,which amount to 14.4% and 34.3% of the total winter precipitation,respectively.The rime condensation provides an important moisture input to the shrub cover regions of the Gurbantunggut Dsert during the winter seasons.The maximum wind speed for rime formation is usually less than 3m/s.The most frequent temperature for rime formation range between -15℃ and -20℃,which accounts for 24.3% of the total rime events.The rime-fall significantly reduces when the air temperature falls below -30℃.The rime days are 41% of the rime days occurred in winter when the maximum relative humidity is less than 80%.Low temperatures,high humilities,and low wind speeds,as well as the small diameter of the Haloxylon ammodendron crown branches and needle-like leaves are the important reasons for rime formation and condensation on desert shrubs over the Gurbantunggut Desert.
- Gurbantunggut Desert /
- condensation characteristic /
- plant rime /
- experimental research

[1]	AGAM N,BERLINER P R.Dew formation and water vapor adsorption in semi-arid environments:A review[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2006,65:572-590.
[2]	庄艳丽,赵文智.干旱区凝结水研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(1):31-38.(ZHUANG Yan-li,ZHAO Wen-zhi.Advances in the condensation water of arid regions[J].Advances in Earth Science,2008,23(1):31-38.(in Chinese))
[3]	KIDRON G J.Analysis of dew precipitation in three habitats within a small arid drainage basin,Negev Highland,Israel[J].Atmospheric Research,2000,55(3/4):257-270.
[4]	KIDRON G J,HERRNSTADT I,BARZILAY E.The role of dew as a moisture source for sand microbiotic crusts in the Negev Desert,Israel[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2002,52:517-533.
[5]	GUTTERMAN Y,SHEM-TOV S.Mucilaginous seed coat structure of Carrichtera annua and Anastatica hierochuntica from Negev Desert highlands of Israel,and its adhesion to the soil crust[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1997,35(4):695-705.
[6]	郭占荣,韩双平.西北干旱地区凝结水实验研究[J].水科学进展,2002,13(5):623-628.(GUO Zhan-rong,HAN Shuang-ping.Experimental study on the condensation water in arid area,Northwestern China[J].Advances in Water Science,2002,13(5):623-628.(in Chinese))
[7]	DAWSON T E,BURGESS S O O,TU K.P,et al.Night time transpirationin woody plants from contrasting ecosystems[J].Tree Physiology,2007,27:561-575.
[8]	ABRAHAM Z.Six years of dew observations in the Negev Desert,Israel[J].Journal of Arid Environments,1996,32:361-371.
[9]	谢运华.三峡地区导线覆冰与气象要素的关系[J].中国电力,2005,38(3):35-39.(XIE Yun-hua.The relation between meteorological elements and accretion in Three Gorges region[J].Electric Power,2005,38(3):35-39.(in Chinese))
[10]	DRAGE M A,HAUGE G.Atmospheric icing in a coastal mountainous terrain:Measurements and numerical simulations,a case study[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2008,53:150-161.
[11]	MIGAA K,LIEBERSBACH J,SOBIK M.Rime in the Giant Mts(The Sudetes,Poland)[J].Atmospheric Research,2002,64:63-73.
[12]	BERNDT H W,FOWLER W B.Rime and hoarfrost in upper-slope forests of eastern Washington[J].Journal of forestry,1969,67(2):92-95.
[13]	GARY H L.Rime contributes to water balance in high-elevation aspen forests[J].Journal of Forestry,1972,70(2):93-97.
[14]	BEZRUKOVA N A,JECK R K,KHALILI M F,et al.Some statistics of freezing precipitation and rime for the territory of the former USSR from ground-based weather observations[J].Atmospheric Research,2006,82:203-221.
[15]	刘文杰,曾觉民,王昌命,等.森林与雾露水关系研究进展[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(6):571-575.(LIU Wen-jie,ZENG Jue-min,WANG chang-ming,et al.Advances in the relationship between forest and dew water[J].Journal of natural resources,2001,16(6):571-575.(in Chinese))

[1]	周宏飞, 肖祖炎, 姚海娇, 李莉, 李原理. 古尔班通古特沙漠树枝状沙丘土壤水分时空变异特征 . 水科学进展, 2013, 24(6): 771-777.
[2]	刘安富, 杨敏, 李会平, 董天松. 宽尾墩消力池透水底板脉动压力试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2012, 23(2): 243-248. doi: CNKI: 32.1309.P.20120224.2002.004
[3]	孙一, 赵小娥, 王协康. 弯道水流对下游回水响应特征试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2010, 21(5): 600-605.
[4]	刘同宦, 郭炜, 詹磊. 90°支流入汇区域时均流速分布特征试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2009, 20(4): 485-489.
[5]	M. ASIM, 王龙, 李丹勋, 王兴奎. 浅水流动阻力特性的试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(3): 378-382.
[6]	陈稚聪, 黑鹏飞, 丁翔. 丁坝回流分区机理及回流尺度流量试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(5): 613-617.
[7]	韩志勇, 郑西来, 陈继红, 杨洮. 粉细砂水敏性试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(5): 630-634.
[8]	胡旭跃, 刘斌, 曾光明, 程永舟, 李冬. 植物粗糙度对明渠水流阻力影响的试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(3): 372-377.
[9]	王家生, 陈立, 刘林, 黄荣敏. 粘性泥沙分层运动特征的试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(1): 13-18.
[10]	范丽丽, 沙海飞, 吴时强, 周辉, 陈惠玲. 水库深孔挑射出流对复氧的试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2006, 17(2): 176-180.
[11]	华祖林, 褚克坚, 邢领航. 强弯条件下分层流运动特性试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2005, 16(2): 203-209.
[12]	褚克坚, 华祖林, 王惠民, 邢领航, 张鸿星. 明渠剪切分层流垂向扩散特性试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2005, 16(1): 13-17.
[13]	周家俞, 陈立, 叶小云, 吴门伍, 黄荣敏. 泥沙影响流速分布规律的试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2005, 16(4): 506-510.
[14]	马永军, 陈稚聪, 丁翔. 吸、喷水法减小丁坝下游回流尺度的试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2003, 14(6): 763-768.
[15]	洪大林, 张思和, 高正荣, 唐存本. 长江苏通公路大桥区原状淤泥质亚粘土起动试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2003, 14(3): 345-349.
[16]	槐文信, 那宇彤, 黄纪忠, 童汉毅, 姜国强. 浅水环境中垂向圆形纯射流的试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2002, 13(1): 26-30.
[17]	刘焕芳, 苏萍, 李强. 深筒式消力井水力特性试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2002, 13(5): 639-642.
[18]	詹美礼, 胡云进, 速宝玉. 裂隙概化模型的非饱和渗流试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2002, 13(2): 172-178.
[19]	刘焕芳, 文辉, 李强. 圆柱绕流无沙区试验研究 . 水科学进展, 1998, 9(2): 159-163.
[20]	王超. 氮类污染物在土壤中迁移转化规律试验研究 . 水科学进展, 1997, 8(2): 176-182.

点击查看大图

计量

文章访问数: 22
HTML全文浏览量: 9
PDF下载量: 765
被引次数: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

留言板

古尔班通古特沙漠植物雾凇凝结特征

作者简介:
周宏飞(1965- ),男,浙江东阳人,博士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态水文方面的研究工作.E-mail:zhouhf@ms.xjb.ac.cn

Observational analysis of rime condensation on plants over the Gurbantunggut Dsert in China

计量

古尔班通古特沙漠植物雾凇凝结特征

作者简介:
周宏飞(1965- ),男,浙江东阳人,博士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态水文方面的研究工作.E-mail:zhouhf@ms.xjb.ac.cn

English Abstract

Observational analysis of rime condensation on plants over the Gurbantunggut Dsert in China

全文HTML

目录

留言板

古尔班通古特沙漠植物雾凇凝结特征

作者简介: 周宏飞(1965- ),男,浙江东阳人,博士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态水文方面的研究工作.E-mail:zhouhf@ms.xjb.ac.cn

Observational analysis of rime condensation on plants over the Gurbantunggut Dsert in China

计量

出版历程

古尔班通古特沙漠植物雾凇凝结特征

作者简介: 周宏飞(1965- ),男,浙江东阳人,博士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态水文方面的研究工作.E-mail:zhouhf@ms.xjb.ac.cn

English Abstract

Observational analysis of rime condensation on plants over the Gurbantunggut Dsert in China

全文HTML

目录

作者简介:
周宏飞(1965- ),男,浙江东阳人,博士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态水文方面的研究工作.E-mail:zhouhf@ms.xjb.ac.cn

作者简介:
周宏飞(1965- ),男,浙江东阳人,博士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态水文方面的研究工作.E-mail:zhouhf@ms.xjb.ac.cn