模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性

张宽地; 王光谦; 孙晓敏; 王俊杰

高级搜索

全国中文核心期刊
中国科技核心期刊
美国工程索引（EI）收录期刊

留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性

张宽地, 王光谦, 孙晓敏, 王俊杰

文章导航 > 水科学进展 > 2014 > 25(6): 825-834

张宽地, 王光谦, 孙晓敏, 王俊杰. 模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性[J]. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(6): 825-834.

引用本文:

张宽地, 王光谦, 孙晓敏, 王俊杰. 模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性[J]. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(6): 825-834.

ZHANG Kuandi, WANG Guangqian, SUN Xiaomin, WANG Junjie. Hydraulic characteristic of overland flow under different vegetation coverage[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014, 25(6): 825-834.

Citation:

ZHANG Kuandi, WANG Guangqian, SUN Xiaomin, WANG Junjie. Hydraulic characteristic of overland flow under different vegetation coverage[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014, 25(6): 825-834.

模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性

1.
西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌 712100;
2.
中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;
3.
清华大学水利水电工程系, 北京 100084

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41001159);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2011JQ5004)

详细信息

作者简介:
张宽地(1978-), 男, 宁夏隆德人, 副教授, 博士, 硕士研究生导师, 主要从事水工水力学及坡面水流研究.E-mail:zhangkuandi428@126.com

中图分类号: S157.1

Hydraulic characteristic of overland flow under different vegetation coverage

1.
College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;
2.
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China;
3.
Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

摘要: 利用人工模拟植被试验,系统研究了6个坡度和10个流量、5种覆盖度条件下坡面流水力参数水力要素关系及阻力的变化特征,以期揭示坡面植被水流阻力的内在规律性.结果表明:流态指数随植被覆盖度的增加而显著增加,相同植被覆盖度下,试验坡度对其影响并不显著.各试验工况下,水流流态主要分布在"虚拟层流区"和过渡流区,未达到紊流区.随试验坡度的增加,水流流态由缓流向急流区域延伸,而随覆盖度的增加,流态向相反方向延伸.植被覆盖条件下坡面水流阻力与雷诺数的变化规律并非呈单调增加或者单调递减的趋势,而与植被覆盖度紧密相关,当植被覆盖度较低时,阻力系数随雷诺数的增加而减小,而覆盖度较高时,阻力系数随雷诺数增加呈线性增加的趋势.
- 植被覆盖 /
- 坡面流 /
- 水力学特性
Abstract: Determining hydraulic characteristics of overland flow under the condition of vegetation coverage is a theoretical foundation of studying flow retardation and sand fixation by vegetation. By a simulated vegetation experiment, the variations of hydraulic parameters of overland flow were systematically investigated at ten flow discharges, six slope gradients and five vegetation coverage degrees so as to expect to disclose the inherent law of resistance of vegetation cover for overland flow. Results showed that under the experimental condition, the flow-state indicators increased as the vegetation cover increase; under the same vegetation cover, the slope under the experiment had no apparent influence on it, and the flow regimes mainly ranged from "virtual laminar flow" to transition states, not reaching turbulent state. The overland flow developed from subcritical flow to supercritical flow with increasing slope gradient, but extended in opposite direction with increasing vegetation coverage. Under the condition of vegetation cover, the change law of overland flow resistance and Reynolds number was not the one of monotonical increase or decrease, but was highly related to the vegetation coverage. As Reynolds number increased, the resistance coefficient decreased at low vegetation coverage and however showed a linearly increasing trend at high vegetation coverage. The study is of scientific significance in understanding the mechanisms of regulating slope runoff and sediment yields by vegetation and may provide a scientific basis for the implementation of ecological restoration projects.
- vegetation cover /
- overland flow /
- hydraulic characteristic

[1]	孟鹤, 张宽地, 王静雯. 坡面薄层水流滚波水力参数影响因素 . 水科学进展, 2020, 31(1): 102-111. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2020.01.011
[2]	张冠华, 胡甲均. 径流驱动土壤分离过程的影响因素及机制研究进展 . 水科学进展, 2019, 30(2): 294-304. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2019.02.014
[3]	杨苗, 龚家国, 赵勇, 赵翠平. 坡面流层流区动力学特性 . 水科学进展, 2019, 30(5): 709-718. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2019.05.011
[4]	孙立全, 吴淑芳, 郭慧莉, 张永东. 人工掏挖坡面侵蚀微地貌演化及其水力学特性分析 . 水科学进展, 2017, 28(5): 720-728. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2017.05.009
[5]	杨帆, 张宽地, 杨明义, 杨婕. 植被淹没程度对坡面流水动力学特性影响 . 水科学进展, 2016, 27(6): 832-840. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.06.005
[6]	田培, 潘成忠, 许新宜, 杨帆, 李长嘉. 坡面流速及侵蚀产沙空间变异性试验 . 水科学进展, 2015, 26(2): 178-186. doi: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2015.02.004
[7]	王军光, 李朝霞, 蔡崇法, 王玉华, 张国彪, 马仁明. 坡面流水力学参数对团聚体剥蚀程度的定量影响 . 水科学进展, 2012, 23(4): 502-508. doi: CNKI:32.1309.P.20120501.1617.012
[8]	张宽地, 王光谦, 吕宏兴, 王占礼, 刘俊娥. 模拟降雨条件下坡面流水动力学特性研究 . 水科学进展, 2012, 23(2): 229-235. doi: CNKI: 32.1309.P.20120224.2002.002
[9]	肖培青, 姚文艺, 申震洲, 杨春霞. 植被影响下坡面侵蚀临界水流能量试验研究 . 水科学进展, 2011, 22(2): 229-234.
[10]	肖培青, 郑粉莉, 姚文艺. 坡沟系统坡面径流流态及水力学参数特征研究 . 水科学进展, 2009, 20(2): 236-240.
[11]	刘晓东, 姚琪, 薛红琴, 褚克坚, 胡进. 环境水力学反问题研究进展 . 水科学进展, 2009, 20(6): 885-893.
[12]	王建中, 刘凌, 宋兰兰. 坡地氮磷流失过程模拟 . 水科学进展, 2009, 20(4): 531-536.
[13]	潘成忠, 马岚, 上官周平. 含沙量对草地坡面径流泥沙沉积和水力特性的影响 . 水科学进展, 2008, 19(6): 857-862.
[14]	陈权, 李震, 王磊. 机载雷达和辐射计数据反演植被覆盖区土壤水分的初步研究 . 水科学进展, 2007, 18(5): 756-761.
[15]	潘成忠, 上官周平. 不同坡度草地含沙水流水力学特性及其拦沙机理 . 水科学进展, 2007, 18(4): 490-495.
[16]	范杰, 王长德, 管光华, 崔巍. 渠道非恒定流水力学响应研究 . 水科学进展, 2006, 17(1): 55-60.
[17]	李元寿, 王根绪, 王一博, 王军德, 贾晓红. 长江黄河源区覆被变化下降水的产流产沙效应研究 . 水科学进展, 2006, 17(5): 616-623.
[18]	华祖林. 湍流模型在环境水力学研究中的应用 . 水科学进展, 2001, 12(3): 403-412.
[19]	陈国祥, 姚文艺. 降雨对浅层水流阻力的影响 . 水科学进展, 1996, 7(1): 42-46.
[20]	刘维平. 水电站进水口快速闸门水力学分析 . 水科学进展, 1994, 5(4): 309-318.

点击查看大图

计量

文章访问数: 3
HTML全文浏览量: 0
PDF下载量: 672
被引次数: 0

模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性

1. 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌 712100;

2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;

3. 清华大学水利水电工程系, 北京 100084

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41001159);陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2011JQ5004)

作者简介:
张宽地(1978-), 男, 宁夏隆德人, 副教授, 博士, 硕士研究生导师, 主要从事水工水力学及坡面水流研究.E-mail:zhangkuandi428@126.com

收稿日期: 2013-06-20
刊出日期: 2014-11-25

中图分类号: S157.1

关键词:

植被覆盖 /

坡面流 /

水力学特性

摘要: 利用人工模拟植被试验,系统研究了6个坡度和10个流量、5种覆盖度条件下坡面流水力参数水力要素关系及阻力的变化特征,以期揭示坡面植被水流阻力的内在规律性.结果表明:流态指数随植被覆盖度的增加而显著增加,相同植被覆盖度下,试验坡度对其影响并不显著.各试验工况下,水流流态主要分布在"虚拟层流区"和过渡流区,未达到紊流区.随试验坡度的增加,水流流态由缓流向急流区域延伸,而随覆盖度的增加,流态向相反方向延伸.植被覆盖条件下坡面水流阻力与雷诺数的变化规律并非呈单调增加或者单调递减的趋势,而与植被覆盖度紧密相关,当植被覆盖度较低时,阻力系数随雷诺数的增加而减小,而覆盖度较高时,阻力系数随雷诺数增加呈线性增加的趋势.

English Abstract

Hydraulic characteristic of overland flow under different vegetation coverage

1. College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;

2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China;

3. Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received Date: 2013-06-20
Publish Date: 2014-11-25

Keywords:

Abstract: Determining hydraulic characteristics of overland flow under the condition of vegetation coverage is a theoretical foundation of studying flow retardation and sand fixation by vegetation. By a simulated vegetation experiment, the variations of hydraulic parameters of overland flow were systematically investigated at ten flow discharges, six slope gradients and five vegetation coverage degrees so as to expect to disclose the inherent law of resistance of vegetation cover for overland flow. Results showed that under the experimental condition, the flow-state indicators increased as the vegetation cover increase; under the same vegetation cover, the slope under the experiment had no apparent influence on it, and the flow regimes mainly ranged from "virtual laminar flow" to transition states, not reaching turbulent state. The overland flow developed from subcritical flow to supercritical flow with increasing slope gradient, but extended in opposite direction with increasing vegetation coverage. Under the condition of vegetation cover, the change law of overland flow resistance and Reynolds number was not the one of monotonical increase or decrease, but was highly related to the vegetation coverage. As Reynolds number increased, the resistance coefficient decreased at low vegetation coverage and however showed a linearly increasing trend at high vegetation coverage. The study is of scientific significance in understanding the mechanisms of regulating slope runoff and sediment yields by vegetation and may provide a scientific basis for the implementation of ecological restoration projects.

张宽地, 王光谦, 孙晓敏, 王俊杰. 模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性[J]. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(6): 825-834.

引用本文:

张宽地, 王光谦, 孙晓敏, 王俊杰. 模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性[J]. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(6): 825-834.

ZHANG Kuandi, WANG Guangqian, SUN Xiaomin, WANG Junjie. Hydraulic characteristic of overland flow under different vegetation coverage[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014, 25(6): 825-834.

Citation:

ZHANG Kuandi, WANG Guangqian, SUN Xiaomin, WANG Junjie. Hydraulic characteristic of overland flow under different vegetation coverage[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014, 25(6): 825-834.

全文HTML

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

返回文章

用微信扫码二维码

分享至好友和朋友圈

留言板

模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性

作者简介: 张宽地(1978-), 男, 宁夏隆德人, 副教授, 博士, 硕士研究生导师, 主要从事水工水力学及坡面水流研究.E-mail:zhangkuandi428@126.com

Hydraulic characteristic of overland flow under different vegetation coverage

计量

出版历程

模拟植被覆盖条件下坡面流水动力学特性

1. 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌 712100; 2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100; 3. 清华大学水利水电工程系, 北京 100084

作者简介: 张宽地(1978-), 男, 宁夏隆德人, 副教授, 博士, 硕士研究生导师, 主要从事水工水力学及坡面水流研究.E-mail:zhangkuandi428@126.com

English Abstract

Hydraulic characteristic of overland flow under different vegetation coverage

全文HTML

目录

作者简介:
张宽地(1978-), 男, 宁夏隆德人, 副教授, 博士, 硕士研究生导师, 主要从事水工水力学及坡面水流研究.E-mail:zhangkuandi428@126.com

1. 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌 712100;

2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;

3. 清华大学水利水电工程系, 北京 100084

作者简介:
张宽地(1978-), 男, 宁夏隆德人, 副教授, 博士, 硕士研究生导师, 主要从事水工水力学及坡面水流研究.E-mail:zhangkuandi428@126.com