林战举, 牛富俊, 罗京, 尹国安, 刘明浩, CHRIS Burn. 青藏工程走廊热融湖塘水理化特性分析[J]. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(2): 217-224.
引用本文: 林战举, 牛富俊, 罗京, 尹国安, 刘明浩, CHRIS Burn. 青藏工程走廊热融湖塘水理化特性分析[J]. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(2): 217-224.
LIN Zhanju, NIU Fujun, LUO Jing, YIN Guo'an, LIU Minghao, CHRIS Burn. Analysis on physical and chemical properties of water in thermokarst lakes along Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014, 25(2): 217-224.
Citation: LIN Zhanju, NIU Fujun, LUO Jing, YIN Guo'an, LIU Minghao, CHRIS Burn. Analysis on physical and chemical properties of water in thermokarst lakes along Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014, 25(2): 217-224.

青藏工程走廊热融湖塘水理化特性分析

Analysis on physical and chemical properties of water in thermokarst lakes along Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor

  • 摘要: 为查明青藏工程走廊热融湖塘水理化特性及其理化特性与湖塘分布之间的关系,选取青藏工程走廊楚玛尔河至风火山段为研究区域,沿青藏公路从北向南依次选取19个热融湖塘进行水深、面积等几何特征调研并取水样,进行阴阳离子等理化参数测定。分析了热融湖塘水的理化特性,并结合调研资料探讨了热融湖塘理化特性与区域环境及湖塘分布之间的相关性。结果表明在3个研究亚区湖的水理化特性有较大差别,楚玛尔河高平原从北向南湖水矿化度逐渐升高,水质由淡水向咸水再到强咸水过渡,主要与该区域"碟"状湖的分布特征和寒旱多风及蒸发量大有关;可可西里山区和北麓河盆地的湖水矿化度较低,水质以弱咸水或淡水为主。这两个亚区湖较深,地形以丘陵盆地为主,降低了湖面的蒸发量。

     

    Abstract: Formation and development of thermokarst lakes have great influence on the cold region environment, and its lateral heat erosion can cause the embankment instability in permafrost regions. However, lake water with different physical and chemical composition has obviously different impact on cold region environment and permafrost engineering. In order to understand the chemical properties of thermokarst lakes and find out the relationship between chemical properties and their distribution along the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor, a corridor from Chumaerhe high plateau to Fenghuoshan mountain passing along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway was selected. Our study area included three sub-regions, the Chumaerhe high plateau, Hoh Xil hill region, and Beilu River basin. Nineteen thermokarst lakes along the north-south direction were observed separately for its depth, area, and shape and lake water was sampled and major cations and anions were analyzed at the State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The relationship between the physical and chemical properties of the 19 thermokarst lakes and the regional environment and thermokarst lakes distribution were studied. The results showed an obvious difference in chemical properties of the thermokarst lakes at these three sub-regions. For example, salinity of the thermokarst lakes in Chumaerhe high plateau gradually increases from north to south and the lake water belongs to saline or hypersaline water. This may be due to the lakes' spatial configuration with the big area and shallow depth, the cold and windy weather, and the high evaporation. In contrast, the salinity of lakes in Hoh Xil hill region and Beilu River basin is lower than those in Chumaerhe high plateau, and the lake water is fresh or slightly saline. The lakes at these two sub-regions are deep and the terrain is hills or basin, which reduces their evaporation. The study provided guidance for the disease control of permafrost embankment and the future engineering planning and design along this corridor.

     

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