Abstract: This paper addresses advances in management of water resource systems and sustainability over the last quadrennium in the light of recent international conference's information,such as the XXI General Assembly of International Union of Geodey and Geopysics that was hold in Boulder,Colorade,USA,July 2-14.Main review involves three parts:(1)Social sustainable development;(2)Recent international advances in management of sustainable water resource systems such as the hydrological basis for water resources management,water resources planning in a changing world,management of water quantity and water quality,man's influence on freshwater ecosystem,water environmental protect and so on.The topic namely biosphere aspect of hydrological cycle was also addressed;(3)The problems and challenges in modeling and management of water resource systems associated with catchment scale in China.The purpose is to provide an out look of recent advances in water resources system and suatainability,which relate to some of the scientific, technologic,and policy aspects of the field of water science and management.