Distribution charateristics of hillslope curvature and its effects on hydological processes:A real-world test
-
摘要: 研究了山坡地形曲率的空间分布特征,发现流域略呈现出微凹、发散的形状特征,平均的剖面和水平曲率分别为-4.62×10-4和3.49×10-4。通过划分源头型和边坡型山坡,发现源头山坡多是收敛的,边坡型山坡则多为发散的;在山坡内部收敛、发散、凹和凸等地形地貌类型是同时存在的,即山坡一般由相互组合的各种坡型所组成。基于野外采样观测的成果,分析了和睦桥子流域90个采样点的土壤含水量及其对应曲率的相互关系。结果显示:一般来说,凹形山坡、收敛形山坡对应的土壤含水量更高,而凸形和发散形山坡对应的土壤含水量较低;不论是收敛的凹坡,还是发散的凸坡,其采样点土壤含水量都有随高程下降而升高的趋势,即愈靠近沟谷土壤含水量愈大。Abstract: Hillslope curvature includes the characters e.g.divergent/convergent and convex/concave etc.These characters are second-order topographic parameters contrasted to slope and length of hillslope.In this study,a 10 m×10 m DEM dataset was created using the 1:10000 elevation contour maps for the Jiangwan catchment of Tiaoxi River, on the Taihu basin.The curvature distribution within hillslopes can thus be studied.The averaged profile and plan curvature for the catchment are found to be -4.62×10-4 and 3.49×10-4,respectively,indicating the catchment is overall convergent and divergent.Through dividing of the catchment into two types of hillslopes headwater and side-slope,we find that the headwater hillslope is generally convergent,while the sideslope hillslope tends to be more divergent.Divergent,convergent,convex and concave are coexisting within an individual hillslope.A total of ninety soil moisture samples were taken from the Hemuqiao sub-catchment.Soil moisture contents and corresponding curvatures were analyzed.It is shown that the concave or convergent hillslopes are always with higher soil moisture values, while convex or divergent hillslopes with lower ones.Soil moisture contents decline with the increase of elevations.
-
Key words:
- hillslope /
- topography /
- curvature /
- soil moisture content /
- hydrology
-
[1] ABBOTT M B,BATHURST J C,CUNGE J A,et al.An introduction to the European Hydrological System-Système Hydrologique Europèen,"SHE"1:History and philosophy of a physically-based distributed modeling system[J].J Hydroi,1986,87:45-59. [2] 都金康,谢顺平,许有鹏,等.分布式降雨径流物理模型的建立和应用[J].水科学进展,2006,17(5):637-644.(DU Jin-kang,XIE Shun-ping,XU You-peng,et al.Development and application of a physically-based distributed rainfall-runoff model[J].Advances in Water Science,2006,17(5):637-644.(in Chinese) [3] YANG D,HERATH S,MUSIAKE K.Hillslope-based hydrological model using catchment area and width functions[J].Hydrol Sci J,2002,47:49-65. [4] BEVEN K,KIRKBY M J,SCHOFIELD N,et al.Testing a physically-based flood forecasting model(TOPMODEL)for three U K catchments[J].J Hydrol,1984,69:119-143. [5] DUNNE T,BLACK R D.An experimental investigation of runoff production in permeable soils[J].Water Resour Res,1970,6:478-490. [6] ANDERSON M,BURT T P.The role of topography in controlling throughflow generation[J].Earth Surf Processes,1978,3:331-344. [7] RIEKE-ZAPP D H,NEARING M A.Slope shape effects on erosion:A laboratory study[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,2005,69:1463-1471. [8] SMITH R E,HEBBERT R H B.Mathematical simulation of interdependent surface and subsurface[J].Hydrol Proc,1983,19:987-1001. [9] FAN Y,BRAS R L.Analytical solutions to hillslope subsurface storm flow and saturation overland flow[J].Water Resources Research,1998,34:921-927. [10] TROCH P A,PANICONI C,VAN LOON E E.Hillslope-storage Boussinesq model for subsurface flow and variable source areas along complex hillslopes:1:Formulation and characteristic response[J].Water Resour Res,2003,39,doi: 10.1029/2002WR001728. [11] REZZOUGA A,SCHUMANNA A,CHIFFLARD P,et al.Field measurement of soil moisture dynamics and numerical simulation using the kinematic wave approximation[J].Adv Water Resour,2005,28:917-926. [12] 刘金涛.数字水文信息自动提取软件DigitalHydro V1.0:中国,2009SR033528[P].2009.(LIU Jin-tao.Digital drainage network automatic extraction software,DigitalHydro V1.0:China,2009SR033528[P].2009.(in Chinese)) [13] SCHMIDT F,PERSSON A.Comparison of DEM data capture and topographic wetness indice[J].Precis Agric,2003,4:179-192. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 39
- HTML全文浏览量: 5
- PDF下载量: 1221
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
