Influence of the floods from different sediment source areas on the relationship between discharge and sediment concentration of the lower Yellow River
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摘要: 根据1950-1960年及1974-1985年实测洪峰水沙资料,分析了不同来源区洪水对黄河下游花园口、高村、艾山、利津水文站流量 含沙量关系的影响,以河口镇至龙门区间、马莲河和北洛河总来水量占三门峡、黑石关、小董总水量的20%或25%以上作为中游粗沙来源区洪水,以河口镇至龙门区间、马莲河和北洛河总来水量占三门峡、黑石关、小董总水量的20%或25%以下作为细沙来源区或少沙区洪水。这样,黄河下游花园口、高村、艾山、利津水文站平均流量 平均含沙量关系可分为以增加平均含沙量为主和以增加平均流量为主的两个区。同时,河口镇至龙门区间、马莲河和北洛河的洪水,大大增加了黄河下游平均来沙系数和平均含沙量,并导致全下游河段的必然淤积。Abstract: Based on the measurements during 1950-1960 and 1974-1985,the analysis are made on the influence of the floods from different sediment source areas on the relationship between the discharge and the sediment concentration at stations of Huayuankou,Caocun,Aishan and Lijin on the lower Yellow River. When the runoff between Hekou and Longmen,Malian River and Beiluo River accounts for rmre than 20% or 25% of the total water wlumes at stations of Sanmenxia,Heishiguan and Xiaodng,the flood is referred to as from the coarse sediment source area of the Yellow River. When the runoff between Hekou and Longmen,Malian River and Beiluo River covers less 20% or 25% of the total runoff at stations of Sanmenxia, Heishiguan and Xiaodong,the flood is referred to as from the fine-sediment source area or from the area with small sediment concentrations. As a result,the relationship between the mean discharge and the mean sediment concentration at stations of Huayuankou,Caocun,Aishan and Lijin on the lower Yellow River is divided into two classes:(1) the mean sediment concen-tration increases greatly for small variation in the mean discharge,and (2) the concentration does not increase much even when the mean discharge increases by several times. Meanwhile,the flood between Hekou and Longmen,Malian River and Beiluo River causes great increase in the mean inflow sediment coefficient and the mean sediment concentration of the lower Yellow River and consequently leads to a large amount of the deposition.
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