Abstract: The 502year complicate process of the hydrological basin study of PRC is reviewed,and the concept of experimental hydrology and the hydrological experimental system are introduced,proposing that the hydrological experimentation appears the best way for the improvement of hydrology which has not yet consolidated as a science itself. It is neccessary to make efforts on the recovery of the basin study interrupted during recent decades. For this purpose,some points related to the strategy of basin study are discussed.