Abstract: Due to the shortage and pollution of water resources,and the characteristics of hydrology,water resources,and water supply and demand in China,it is necessary to develop a real-time monitoring and management system for water resources in river basin. The emphases should be put on the rearrangement and improvement of the current hydrologic monitoring network,the check and modification of operation mode and technical parameters of reservoirs,the control and management of water resources in flood,groundwater recharge and the sewage treatment and reuse,the water demand for ecological environment protection,the unite regulating for flood control and benefit promote,the joint management of surface water and groundwater resources and so on. The benefit and risk analyses of the scheme of real-time monitoring and management for water resources and the standardization of the system should also be carried out.