Research advances and direction on the theory and practice of reasonable water resources allocation
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摘要: 水资源合理配置是实现水资源可持续利用的有效调控措施之一。将现状的水资源合理配置研究划分为广义和狭义两类,进而从内在机制、实践进程和评价三方面系统综述了狭义流域水资源合理配置研究进展。指出目前中国在流域水资源配置过程中存在若干问题,主要表现为缺乏有效的初始水权分配机制、缺乏有机的补偿和机理机制、缺乏广泛的社会参与机制和缺乏系统的后效评价体系,致使现状水资源配置难以实现真正意义上的合理。为解决上述配置实践中存在的相关问题,今后我国水资源配置研究的重点主要集中在建立符合现代流域水循环过程的"天然 人工"二元认知模式,建立以水循环为基础的水资源合理配置模式、建立具有统一基础的水资源配置准则和建立水资源配置合理性评价标准和体系等。Abstract: Reasonable water resources allocation is one of the effective control measures in the sustainable water resources utilization.This article divides the current research on reasonable water resource allocation into two types:a broad and a narrow sense.Research advances in narrow sense reasonable water resource allocation are systematically summarized in three aspects of internal mechanism,practice process and evaluation.This article points out main problems in current water resource allocation processes in China,including the shortage of the effective initial water rights allocation systems,the reasonable and effective compensation mechanism,the broad social involvement and the post-effect evaluation systems.Therefore it is hard to achieve full reasonable allocation of current water resources.In order to solve those related problems in water resources allocation practice,four important aspects must be focused on water resource allocation in China in future research,i.e.,setting up "natural-artificial" dual knowledge and perception mode from modern river basin water cycling process,setting up water resources reasonable allocation mode based on water cycling,setting up uniformly based rules for water resource allocation,and setting up evaluation standard and systems for the rationality of water resources allocation.
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Key words:
- basin /
- water resources /
- reasonable allocation /
- advance
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