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新疆天山北坡四棵树河冰洪分析

贾兵, 刘志辉, 毛华生

贾兵, 刘志辉, 毛华生. 新疆天山北坡四棵树河冰洪分析[J]. 水科学进展, 2005, 16(1): 121-126.
引用本文: 贾兵, 刘志辉, 毛华生. 新疆天山北坡四棵树河冰洪分析[J]. 水科学进展, 2005, 16(1): 121-126.
JIA Bing, LIU Zhi-hui, MAO Hua-sheng. Analysis of ice-flood in Sikeshu River basin on the north slope of Xinjiang Tianshan mountain[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2005, 16(1): 121-126.
Citation: JIA Bing, LIU Zhi-hui, MAO Hua-sheng. Analysis of ice-flood in Sikeshu River basin on the north slope of Xinjiang Tianshan mountain[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2005, 16(1): 121-126.

新疆天山北坡四棵树河冰洪分析

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(70361001);国家教育部骨干教师规划项目
详细信息
    作者简介:

    贾兵(1966- ),男,四川三台人,新疆塔城水文水资源勘测局工程师,主要从事水文监测与分析等研究.通讯作者:刘志辉,E-mail:lzh@xju.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    刘志辉,E-mail:lzh@xju.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P343.6;TV122

Analysis of ice-flood in Sikeshu River basin on the north slope of Xinjiang Tianshan mountain

Funds: The project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.70361001).
  • 摘要: 四棵树河是新疆天山北坡的一条灾害性较大的河流,除了夏季洪水致灾外,另一种更引人注目的是冬季冰洪突发成灾.从该河流的自然地理条件分析入手,阐述了该河独特的冰洪特征,结合气温、地形等影响因素分析了四棵树河的冰洪成因.冰洪形成往往与当时当地的气温和地形变化有关.因气温逐渐或突然升高,冰骨架结合力下降,当虚冰坝阻水形成的水压力超出了冰骨架支撑力时,上游某一虚冰坝破裂垮塌,冰水则迅猛下泄,致使下游虚冰坝连续垮溃形成河流冰洪.此外,对冰洪沿程变化、冰洪量差异显著、冰洪年际变化不均、稳定封冻期及解冻期不出现冰洪的原因也进行了分析.
    Abstract: Sikeshu River on the north slope of Xinjiang Tianshan mountain is a calamitous river.Besides summer flood the bursting ice-flood causing disaster in the winter is more remarkable.Starting with the analysis of its condition of physical geography,this paper elaborates the particular characteristics of the ice-flood,and analyzes the cause of formation of ice-flood combined with air temperature and terrain factors.Formation of ice-flood is related to the changes of air temperature and terrain When air temperature rise gradually or suddenly,the force of combination of ice-dam framework decline.While the water pressure caused by ice-dam exceed the support force of ice-dam framework,a certain loose ice-dam of the upper reach burst,ice-water flow swift to the lower reach,thus brought out a series of collapsed ice-dam and forming ice-flood.Moreover,the ice-flood evolvement and the reasons of the notable difference of ice-flood volume,nonuniformity of annual change of ice-flood and no ice-flood in stable period of ice-cover or melting period etc are also analyzed.
  • [1] 中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所.中国冰川目录(Ⅲ).天山山区(西北部准噶尔内流区)[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.38.
    [2] 周聿超.新疆河流水文水资源[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆卫生科技出版社,1999.3.
    [3] 赖祖铭.冰川洪水的某些特征[J].冰川冻土,1984.
    [4] 张祥松,周聿超,等.喀喇昆仑山叶尔羌河冰川湖突发洪水研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1990.
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  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2003-09-16
  • 修回日期:  2004-02-09
  • 刊出日期:  2005-01-24

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