三峡水库8月份运行水位动态控制研究

Investigation on the dynamic control of operating water level at the Three Gorges Reservoir in August

  • 摘要: 三峡水库运行水位动态控制已有一定基础,8月份动态控制条件仍需进一步深入研究。实施三峡水库8月份运行水位动态控制,能够减轻三峡水库蓄水期对湖区水生态、水环境的影响,也可提升三峡水库的综合效益。本文从城陵矶地区防洪需求及洪水组合效应的角度出发,通过构建不同水情边界条件下的莲花塘水位水动力模拟模型,分析了三峡水库8月份运行水位动态控制幅度及条件。结果表明:①当三峡水库和四水合成来水合计小于51000 m3/s时,城陵矶地区不会超过警戒水位;②8月1日以后,当实时四水合成来水流量小于15000 m3/s,且莲花塘站水位低于29.5m、预报洞庭湖水系未来一周无中等强度以上降雨过程时,三峡水库动态运行水位可控制在145~155 m之间。研究成果可为三峡水库的水资源综合利用提供技术支撑,尤其是可为8月份及之后出现涝旱急转不利条件时贮备抗旱水资源,实现旱涝同防同治。

     

    Abstract: The dynamic control of operating water levels at the Three Gorges Reservoir has established a preliminary basis, yet the specific control conditions for August require thorough investigation. Implementing dynamic water level control during August can reduce ecological and environmental impacts during reservoir impoundment while enhancing comprehensive reservoir benefits. This study develops a hydrodynamic simulation model for Lianhuatang water levels under varying hydrological conditions, and analyzes dynamic control range and conditions for August operations, considering flood control requirements and compound flood dynamics in the Chenglingji area. The results show that: ① The Chenglingji area remains below warning levels when the combined inflows from the Three Gorges Reservoir and the Dongting four-river system are less than 51 000 m3/s. ② After August 1, when the real-time Dongting four-river inflows are less than 15 000 m3/s with Lianhuatang station levels under 29.5 m, and no medium-intensity or heavier rainfall is forecasted in the Dongting Lake basin in the next week, the operating water levels of the Three Gorges Reservoir can be dynamically controlled between 145 m and 155 m. These findings provide technical support for comprehensive utilization of water resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir, particularly for storing drought-relief water resources during potential abrupt transitions from flood to drought after August, enabling integrated flood-drought mitigation.

     

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