Abstract: For rivers flooded by rain, the annual sediment load is mainly derived from one or several rainstorms in the flood season and is of research significance. Based on the theory of runoff erosion power, the M-K method and the daily measured runoff and sediment data for the Xiaoheba, Luoduxi, Wusheng and Beibei stations in the Jialingjiang River basin, this paper analyzed the sediment transport characteristics during flood events in different periods and regions. The results of this paper are as follows: the runoff and sediment discharge during the flood season mainly came from the main stream of the Jialingjiang River. In general, the runoff discharge of flood events in different regions showed no significant decreasing trend, while the sediment transport modulus (sediment load) showed a significant decreasing trend except at Xiaoheba station in 2013-2020. With the gradual increase in runoff erosion power, the variation ranges of the sediment transport modulus (sediment load) in different periods in the Jialingjiang River basin were correspondingly narrowed. The degrees of influence of human activities on the sediment transport processes were weakened in the order of the Wusheng station in mainstream Jialingjiang River, Luoduxi station in Qujiang River and Xiaoheba station in Fujiang River. Affected by the Wenchuan earthquake and rainstorms, the average sediment loads in flood event of the Xiaoheba and Beibei stations in 2013-2020 were higher than those in 1998-2012, while the rate of increase rate at the Beibei station was less than that of the Xiaoheba station.