Abstract: Floods cause great harm to buildings in flood zones, and the study of flood loads forms the basis for studying the vulnerability of such buildings. Tests were conducted on a model to study the pressure distribution on a building surface in a flood zone for various heights of floodwater and flow velocities. For these tests, the height of the floodwater and flow velocity on the incident flow surface of the model were controlled with an adjustable outlet on a wave flow tank. The model was divided into two layers, with holes being placed in the lower layer, and was located downstream of the outlet to the water tank. The test results show that the flow velocity is non-uniform and that the pressure due to the flow decreases from the bottom to the top of the model. The experimental data shows that the hydrodynamic pressure increases with an increase in flow velocity in a nonlinear manner. Based on this relationship, a hydrodynamic pressure correction coefficient is proposed to improve the accuracy of the calculation of flow pressure. The relationship between water pressure and water height is approximately linear. The presence of holes in the lower layer and boundary reduces the flow velocity and pressure to some extent. The results of this study provide a basis for flood-resistant designs of buildings and the evaluation of the flood-resistant capacities of buildings in flood zones.