胡成飞, 潘存鸿, 吴修广, 唐子文, 郑君. 1959—2019年杭州湾南岸滩涂演变规律及机制[J]. 水科学进展, 2021, 32(2): 230-241. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2021.02.008
引用本文: 胡成飞, 潘存鸿, 吴修广, 唐子文, 郑君. 1959—2019年杭州湾南岸滩涂演变规律及机制[J]. 水科学进展, 2021, 32(2): 230-241. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2021.02.008
HU Chengfei, PAN Cunhong, WU Xiuguang, TANG Ziwen, ZHENG Jun. Tidal flat evolution law and its mechanism on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay from 1959 to 2019[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2021, 32(2): 230-241. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2021.02.008
Citation: HU Chengfei, PAN Cunhong, WU Xiuguang, TANG Ziwen, ZHENG Jun. Tidal flat evolution law and its mechanism on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay from 1959 to 2019[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2021, 32(2): 230-241. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2021.02.008

1959—2019年杭州湾南岸滩涂演变规律及机制

Tidal flat evolution law and its mechanism on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay from 1959 to 2019

  • 摘要: 掌握滩涂演变规律是保护和开发滩涂资源的重要依据,杭州湾水沙条件复杂,人类活动强度大,滩涂演变机制复杂。基于杭州湾近60 a(1959—2019年)水文地形监测资料,结合促淤围涂进程,分析了杭州湾南岸滩涂在水沙变化和人类活动影响下的演变规律及其机制。结果表明:近60 a来,杭州湾南岸滩涂普遍淤高,1959—2003年淤积速率约6.70 cm/a,2003—2019年淤积速率加快,约12.59 cm/a;大规模围涂和潮差增大是滩坡坡度增大的主要原因;庵东浅滩平面形态的周期性演变与径流的丰枯周期有关,呈现“丰水走弯,枯水趋直”现象;长江来沙减少尚未对杭州湾南岸滩涂淤涨产生明显影响;围涂工程是杭州湾南岸滩涂近期淤涨速率加快、潮滩宽度减小的主要原因。

     

    Abstract: The tidal flat evolution law is an important basis for protecting and developing tidal flat resources. The complex flow-sediment conditions and high intensity of human activities in Hangzhou Bay have led to complex tidal flat evolution mechanisms. The tidal flat evolution law and its mechanism on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay under the influence of flow-sediment variation and human activities in the past 60 years were analyzed based on the hydrographic and bathymetrical monitoring data of Hangzhou Bay in the period of 1959-2019, combined with the process of deposit-promoting and reclamation. The results show that the tidal flat on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay has been deposited since 1959, with a deposition rate of approximately 6.70 cm/a during 1959-2003, and increased to 12.59 cm/a during 2003-2019. Large-scale reclamation projects and the increased tidal range are the main reasons for the increase in the slope gradient of the tidal flat profile. The periodic evolution of the plane morphology of the Andong tidal flat is related to the cycle of high and low runoff, showing the increased/decreased curvature in wet/dry years. The reduction of incoming sediment from the Yangtze River has not significantly affected the deposition of the tidal flat on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay. The reclamation project is the main reason for the increased deposition rate and decreased tidal flat width of the south bank of Hangzhou Bay.

     

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