Abstract: The water vapor transport in the atmosphere is important for the global water cycle, climate system, and ecological environment. The water vapor transport over China is a critical influential factor for the spatial pattern of drought and flood in China. The interannual and interdecadal variability of the water vapor transport over China is affected by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, sea surface temperature, North Atlantic Oscillation, and Pacific Decadal Oscillation. This paper reviewed recent studies regarding the interannual and interdecadal variability of water vapor transport over China, including the water vapor transport associated with the interannual and interdecadal variability of precipitation in eastern China, the water vapor transport associated with the interdecadal variation of Mei-Yu features, the influences of tropical sea surface temperatures on the water vapor transport over China, and so on. Moreover, the recent advances in water vapor transport over the Tibetan Plateau are also reviewed.