波流边界层水沙运动数值模拟——II.泥沙运动模拟

Numerical simulation of flow-sediment dynamics in wave-current bottom boundary layer: II: sediment transport modelling

  • 摘要: 为解析波流边界层内泥沙运动,建立了基于水动力-泥沙-床面互馈过程的波流边界层1DV泥沙数学模型,可用于模拟不同床面形态下粉沙-沙的含沙量过程。床面形态模块提供床面形态类型和相应参数;给出了平底和沙波床面粗糙高度和泥沙扩散系数的确定方法;采用了适宜粉沙及沙的制约沉速、底部参考浓度和起动剪切应力等公式;引入含沙量层化效应和制约沉降反映水动力与泥沙之间的相互影响。水槽试验资料验证表明,建立的模型较好地模拟了不同床面不同波流组合条件下的含沙量剖面。在此基础上,讨论了不同床面含沙量剖面模拟方法的差异,指出床面形态是决定含沙量变化的重要因素之一,仅通过改变床面粗糙高度不足以反映漩涡沙波床面的含沙量剖面特征。该模型可为研究波流边界层内泥沙运动和物质输运提供工具。

     

    Abstract: Numerical modelling of the bottom boundary layer (BBL) is an important tool for sediment transport analysis. In order to study the sediment movement in the wave-current BBL,an intra-wave process based 1DV model was established for silt-sand sediment concentration processes,considering the interactions among flow dynamics-sediment-bed forms. Some key approaches for silt-sand sediment are represented:the bed form module provides the type of bed form and related parameters;different approaches for sediment diffusivity over rippled beds and flat beds are employed;approaches for hindered settling velocity,reference concentration and critical shear stress for silt and sand are employed;the stratification effects and hindered settling are introduced to simulate interaction effects between flow dynamics and sediment concentration. A number of experimental datasets were collected to verify the model,and results showed that the model could properly simulate the sediment dynamics over different bed forms and in different combinations of wave-current conditions. Discussions are made on the simulation methods over different bed forms. The results showed that bed form is one of the important factors that impacts the sediment concentration profile,and it is not appropriate to simulate the concentration profile over a vortex rippled bed by only changing the roughness height and different approaches are suggested to be employed. This paper provides a tool for the study of the sediment transport in the wave-current BBL.

     

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