李向阳, 朱乐奎, 陈东, 刘萌. 藕节辫状河发育和演变过程的试验研究[J]. 水科学进展, 2018, 29(6): 810-819. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.006
引用本文: 李向阳, 朱乐奎, 陈东, 刘萌. 藕节辫状河发育和演变过程的试验研究[J]. 水科学进展, 2018, 29(6): 810-819. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.006
LI Xiangyang, ZHU Lekui, CHEN Dong, LIU Meng. Experimental study on the formation and evolution of a braided channel with ‘lotus roots’[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2018, 29(6): 810-819. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.006
Citation: LI Xiangyang, ZHU Lekui, CHEN Dong, LIU Meng. Experimental study on the formation and evolution of a braided channel with ‘lotus roots’[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2018, 29(6): 810-819. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2018.06.006

藕节辫状河发育和演变过程的试验研究

Experimental study on the formation and evolution of a braided channel with ‘lotus roots’

  • 摘要: 利用室内概化模型试验,研究了"藕节"辫状河的发育和演变过程。从初始顺直小河开始,以黄河花园口水文站枯水期和洪水期流量为背景,概化试验入口水沙条件,成功塑造了具有典型藕节的辫状小河。模型小河的试验发现:① 原顺直河道交错边滩的发育对辫状河道"藕节"的形成起到关键作用;② 结合自然河流和试验小河,"藕节"河段形态特征系数I与河道稳定性参数θ呈较好的非线性关联性,说明辫状河道除了沙粒阻力和床面形态阻力,也可以采取断面形态一收一放的"河势形态阻力"方式消耗,制衡部分水流能量;③ 流量过程是控制河段形态特征的决定因素之一,大洪水不仅破坏了原交错边滩的特点,也使"藕节"形态遭到破坏;但在中小流量下,河段保持了较好的"藕节"驻点、"藕身"收放的特点。本研究对黄河下游收放相间的"藕节"河段防洪起到借鉴作用。

     

    Abstract: This study investigated the formation and evolution of a braided channel with ‘lotus roots’ through a series of experiments. The experimental channel was originally straight with unit cross-sections and was then successfully shaped into a braided channel with alternating wide and narrow reaches. Similarity law was applied to the design of the model discharge relating to its prototypical counterpart observed at the Huayuankou hydrological station in the lower Yellow River. The results indicated the following: ① the formation of the braided channel with ‘lotus roots’ was dominated by the aggregation process, which seems to be related to the growth of alternative bars in the straight channel; ② the geomorphological features of ‘lotus roots’ were highly related to the channel stability; ③ compound channel patterns were found to vary with discharge, i. e., braided with moderate flow and meandering with low flow, while the high flow tended to destroy both alternative bars and the pattern of ‘lotus roots’. This study represents a useful reference for flood control in the lower Yellow River.

     

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