变化环境对城市暴雨及排水系统影响研究进展

熊立华; 闫磊; 李凌琪; 江聪; 杜涛

doi:10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2017.06.014

变化环境对城市暴雨及排水系统影响研究进展

1.
武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430072;
2.
中国地质大学环境学院, 湖北武汉 430074;
3.
长江水利委员会水文局, 湖北武汉 430010

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51525902；51479139）

详细信息

作者简介:
熊立华(1972-),男,湖北荆门人,教授,博士,主要从事水文与水资源研究。E-mail:xionglh@whu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
闫磊,E-mail:yanl@whu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TV121;TU992;G353.11
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2017-11-24

Advances in analysis of impacts of changing environments on extreme urban rainfall and drainage infrastructure

1.
State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
2.
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
3.
Bureau of Hydrology, Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan 430010, China

Funds: The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51525902; No.51479139).

摘要

摘要: 近年来，变化环境（气候变化和城镇化）导致城市暴雨的发生频率或强度增加，加剧了城市暴雨洪涝问题。因此，分析变化环境对城市暴雨及排水系统的影响对城市水资源规划管理、市政规划设计和城市防灾减灾有着重要意义。总结了未来高精度降雨预估技术、变化环境下排水系统设计标准等关键问题的研究进展，综述了变化环境下城市短历时暴雨演变规律及变化环境对城市排水系统影响的研究现状，探讨了变化环境对城市短历时暴雨的影响机理，并归纳了当前研究变化环境对城市暴雨及排水系统影响的主要方法。指出今后应重点加强的研究：①加强气候变化和城镇化对城市短历时暴雨影响机制的研究；②提升区域气候模式对城市区域下垫面和大气相互作用的描述能力，并加强公里尺度对流可解析模型在城市气候变化影响研究中的应用；③加强对变化环境下排水系统设计标准的研究；④综合评估气候变化和城镇化对城市排水系统超载、污染物转移和水安全等的影响。
- 变化环境 /
- 非一致性 /
- 城市内涝 /
- 城市短历时暴雨 /
- 城市排水系统
Abstract: In recent years, the problem of urban waterlogging has become more and more serious as the environment has changed through both climate change and urbanization. The fundamental assumption of stationarity in municipal engineering may be invalid because changing environments have changed the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall in urban areas. For this reason, analysis of the impacts of changing environments on extreme urban rainfall and drainage infrastructure is important to urban water resources management, municipal engineering design, and disaster prevention and mitigation. The present study summarizes the advances in future projection of short-duration (sub-daily) rainfall and design criteria for urban drainage system and also reviews both the evolution of laws concerning urban short-duration rainfall and current research into studies of the impacts of changing environments on drainage infrastructure. We also explored the physical mechanism underlying the impact of changing environments on urban short-duration extreme rainfall. Besides, we summarize the methods for analyzing of impacts of changing environments on urban region and emphasized what type of future research is required:① strengthening physical mechanisms research focusing on impacts of climate change and urbanization on short-duration extreme rainfall; ② improving the capability of climate models to describe the interactions between urban land surface and local climate, and strengthen the applications of kilometer-scale convection-permitting models in urban areas; ③ strengthening the study of design criteria for urban drainage infrastructure in changing environments; and ④ comprehensively evaluating the impacts of changes in extreme rainfall and urbanization on urban drainage infrastructure including pipes' surcharges, pollution and water security.
- changing environment /
- nonstationarity /
- urban waterlogging /
- urban short-duration extreme rainfall /
- urban drainage infrastructure

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