张光辉. 从土壤侵蚀角度诠释泥沙连通性[J]. 水科学进展, 2021, 32(2): 295-308. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2021.02.015
引用本文: 张光辉. 从土壤侵蚀角度诠释泥沙连通性[J]. 水科学进展, 2021, 32(2): 295-308. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2021.02.015
ZHANG Guanghui. Understanding sediment connectivity from soil erosion perspective[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2021, 32(2): 295-308. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2021.02.015
Citation: ZHANG Guanghui. Understanding sediment connectivity from soil erosion perspective[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2021, 32(2): 295-308. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2021.02.015

从土壤侵蚀角度诠释泥沙连通性

Understanding sediment connectivity from soil erosion perspective

  • 摘要: 泥沙连通性是近10年来国际上的研究热点,从土壤侵蚀角度准确理解泥沙连通性至关重要。泥沙连通性表征流域内不同地貌或景观单元间的泥沙级联关系,受气候、地质地貌、流域特性、地形条件、土壤属性、植被特性、水文过程、土壤侵蚀以及人类社会活动及其时空变化的综合影响,泥沙连通性具有明显的时空变异特征。研究泥沙连通性的方法包括野外调查法、图论法、指标法和模型模拟法,不同方法的理论基础、数据要求、实施过程与结果存在一定差异,连通性指数目前应用最为广泛,但该指数更多强调结构连通性。亟需加强泥沙连通性概念与物理含义、影响因素及其动力机制、研究方法与指标体系等方面研究,明确泥沙连通性与水文连通性、土壤侵蚀和泥沙输移比的关系,分析水土保持措施对泥沙连通性的影响及其动力机制。

     

    Abstract: Sediment connectivity is closely related to geomorphology, topography, ecological hydrology, soil erosion, nutrient and pollutant movement, and water quality conservation. As one of the hot topics in soil erosion research during the past decade, sediment connectivity is required to be fully examined from the perspective of soil erosion. Sediment connectivity describes the interactions of sediment cascades between different topographical and landscape units in a system which is usually quantified with the structural connectivity and functional connectivity in four dimensions, i.e., lateral, longitudinal, vertical and temporal. Its impacting factors include climate, lithology, geomorphology, watershed characteristics, topography, soil properties, vegetation, hydrological processes, soil erosion and human activities as well as their temporal and spatial variations. The specific influencing mechanisms vary among these factors and among different spatial scales, therefore resulting in distinct responses of sediment connectivity. Field survey and mapping, graph theory, index and model simulation are frequently applied to investigate and quantify sediment connectivity. The theories behind these methods are different, so do the required data, specific procedures, and the corresponding results. The index of connectivity (IC) is the most widely employed in the quantification of sediment connectivity. Nevertheless, IC well reflects the structural connectivity, rather than the functional connectivity. From the perspective of soil erosion, future studies regarding sediment connectivity should focus on the concept, influencing factors and their dynamic mechanisms, method comparison and index optimization, relationships of sediment connectivity with hydrological connectivity, soil erosion and sediment delivery ratio, as well as the effects of soil conservation measures on sediment connectivity and the corresponding mechanisms.

     

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