赵潜宜, 刘士和, 廖伟坚. 明渠恒定紊流的总流控制方程与能量损失特性[J]. 水科学进展, 2020, 31(2): 270-277. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2020.02.013
引用本文: 赵潜宜, 刘士和, 廖伟坚. 明渠恒定紊流的总流控制方程与能量损失特性[J]. 水科学进展, 2020, 31(2): 270-277. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2020.02.013
ZHAO Qianyi, LIU Shihe, LIAO Weijian. Study of total flow control equations and energy loss characteristics of steady turbulent flow in open channel[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2020, 31(2): 270-277. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2020.02.013
Citation: ZHAO Qianyi, LIU Shihe, LIAO Weijian. Study of total flow control equations and energy loss characteristics of steady turbulent flow in open channel[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2020, 31(2): 270-277. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2020.02.013

明渠恒定紊流的总流控制方程与能量损失特性

Study of total flow control equations and energy loss characteristics of steady turbulent flow in open channel

  • 摘要: 为进一步深化对明渠总流控制方程的认识, 探究总流能量损失的构成与分布特点, 通过理论分析, 在黏性流体力学理论的框架下构建了描述明渠恒定紊流总体特性的总流积分模型与总流微分模型的控制方程, 其模型参数能直接通过流动统计特征量在过流断面上的分布来获取, 由此实现明渠流的流场特性描述与总流描述的统一, 并得到了总流能量损失的显示表达式。同时指出, 总流能量损失由黏性耗散与维持紊动两部分构成, 在矩形明渠恒定均匀流紊流的分类能量损失构成中, 壁面上以黏性耗散部分为主, 维持紊动部分的能量损失密度随着离开壁面距离的增加而快速增加, 且随着雷诺数的增大, 其增加速度也越快。

     

    Abstract: To deepen the understanding of the total flow control equations for open channel flow and explore the composition and distribution characteristics of the total flow energy loss, through theoretical analysis, the total flow integral and differential model control equations describing the general characteristics of steady turbulent flow in open channel were constructed in the framework of viscous fluid mechanics theory. The model parameters can be obtained directly from the distribution of flow statistical characteristics on the flow section, thus achieving the unification of the descriptions of flow fields characteristics and total flows of turbulent flow in open channels. Besides, an explicit expression for the total flow energy loss is provided. Meanwhile, the total flow energy loss consists of viscous dissipation and maintenance of turbulence as two parts. In the composition of classified energy loss in steady uniform turbulence flow in a rectangular open channel, it is dominated by viscous dissipation part on the wall. With the increase in the distance away from the wall, the energy loss density of the part of maintaining turbulence increases rapidly, and the speed increases with the increase in the Reynolds number.

     

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