赵春红, 高建恩. 坡面不同侵蚀沟断面特征及水力几何形态[J]. 水科学进展, 2016, 27(1): 22-30. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.01.003
引用本文: 赵春红, 高建恩. 坡面不同侵蚀沟断面特征及水力几何形态[J]. 水科学进展, 2016, 27(1): 22-30. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.01.003
ZHAO Chunhong, GAO Jian'en. Cross-section characteristics and hydraulic geometry of different erosion gullies on slopes[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2016, 27(1): 22-30. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.01.003
Citation: ZHAO Chunhong, GAO Jian'en. Cross-section characteristics and hydraulic geometry of different erosion gullies on slopes[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2016, 27(1): 22-30. DOI: 10.14042/j.cnki.32.1309.2016.01.003

坡面不同侵蚀沟断面特征及水力几何形态

Cross-section characteristics and hydraulic geometry of different erosion gullies on slopes

  • 摘要: 通过整理和分析国内外大量野外调查数据,系统研究了裸露坡耕地壤土土质不同侵蚀沟的断面特征和水力几何形态,并给出了相应的判别标准。结果表明:随坡面侵蚀沟逐步发展,宽深比参数ζ逐渐减小,细沟、浅沟、切沟和冲沟适宜的ζ范围分别为5~17、2~5、0.4~1.8和0.1~0.6;同一侵蚀沟条件下,壤土类型对ζ值也有影响。土壤质地越细,ζ值越小。不同侵蚀沟水力几何形态指数也不相同,细沟的形态指数β1β2β3分别为0.3、0.4和0.3,浅沟和切沟为0.4、0.4和0.2,冲沟为0.5、0.4和0.1。验证结果表明给出的判别标准可以用来界定不同侵蚀沟类型。

     

    Abstract: Gully erosion is one important cause of soil and water loss on slopes, and research on gully morphology is very necessary for understanding principles governing gully erosion and estimating sediment transport. The cross-section characteristics and hydraulic geometry of different erosion gullies on bare sloping land with loamy soil were studied through the collation and analysis of approximate 35 field data sets in China and abroad, and the criteria used to distinguish the erosion gullies were also given. Results showed that the width to depth ratio(ζ) gradually decreased with the development of erosion gullies, and the suitable range of ζ for rills, ephemeral gullies, gullies and streams were 5-17, 2-5, 0.4-1.8 and 0.1-0.6, respectively. The types of loamy soil also affected the ζ value for the same erosion form, and ζ increased as soil particle size increased. Different erosion gullies had different hydraulic geometry indices, and the exponents β1, β2 and β3 were 0.3, 0.4 and 0.3 for rills, respectively; and correspondingly 0.4, 0.4 and 0.2 for ephemeral gullies and gullies; and 0.5, 0.4 and 0.1 for stream. Preliminary validation of the criteria indicated that they could be used to distinguish the different erosion gullies.

     

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