Abstract: The principles and the application of microwave radiometer are briefly introduced before the DMSP F-series satellite SSM/I data over the antarctic ice sheet are analyzed.The microwave brightness temperature (T_b) isoline,combined with the topographic contour line of ice sheet,interprets the characteristic of brightness temperature distribution in Antarctica.Time series (1992-2000),daily SSM/I T_b data from eight specific study regions are analyzed to understand the characteristic of T_b,seasonal and interannual changes and the sudden fluctuation over the different Antarctic ice caps and ice shelves.The research implies that the T_b value of the coastal ice shelves and the Antarctic Peninsula are increasing rapidly,while the inland ice sheet keeps stable.It is concluded that the surrounding ice shelves and Antarctic Peninsula are in increasing melting due to global warming.