Abstract: The vertical distribution of suspended load concentration is one of the key theoretical components in sediment research.The vertical distribution of sediment concentration in non-equilibrium transportation is further studied using methods of theoretical derivation and numerical calculation in this article.A new concept of non-saturation sediment flux is proposed together with the derived mathematical expression.The theoretical solutions of vertical distribution of sediment concentration in non-equilibrium transportation are deduced,which include the exponential formula and power formula(Rouse formula),as well as the method of sediment concentration on bottom.At the same time, the two-dimensional diffusion equations on longitudinal section are resolved using the finite difference method.The arithmetical solutions of vertical distribution of sediment concentration in non-equilibrium transportation are worked out with different parameters,and coincident with the theoretical results from formulas except in a few cases with small errors.