Abstract: The sciences in the field of water resources came into being and have been developing step by step with the development of water resources and the water related sciences. Since the founding the People's Republic of China, the large scale construction of water works has led to enter a new stage of more comprehensive and integrated approach in the water resources development. The correct handing of the relationships between water resources and socio-economy and eco-environment is becoming an increasingly important subject for the development of water resources, which depends on the advancement of science and technology and the development of management science in water sciences in the future, suggestions in this aspect are put forward in this paper.