Abstract: Many great rivers originate from West China where water resources are generally scarce, uneven distributed and irrationally utilized.It is in urgent need to carry out water resources sustainability assessment (WRSA) in development of the West China.This paper recommends that the WRSA should be brought into different hierarchical decision-making procedure through such environmental impact assessment (EIA) as the strategic, project technology and products, and domestic consumption behaviors.Effective property and value audit system for water resources should be established as soon as possible.Total quantity control and compensation system for water resources utilization should be implemented.Water saving industries and agricultures should be built, and effective technological measures should be taken for saving domestic water consumption and waste water reclamation.