Abstract: This paper presents the recent developments in the field of water conservation that have substantial practical implications for water policies,programs,and projects.Water saving and developing water conservation society are the keys to realize both for wise water allocation and the sustainable utilization.In accordance to the scientific,practical,and simple principals,the paper sets up a hierarchy evaluation index system to estimate the advances in constructing water conservation society.Also,a comparing study is carried out in the provinces and cities in China to understand the situation and the impact on the practice of water conservation.The paper suggests that water conservation is a large systematic project that in vovles lots of sectors,industries and departments.